The c-Ha-ras Oncogene Induces Increased Expression of β-Galactoside α-2,6-Sialyltransferase in Rat Fibroblast (FR3T3) Cells

Elucidation of the molecular and cellular changes that accompany malignant conversion of normal cell populations is central to the understanding of cancer. Cell surface carbohydrates display structural alterations concomitant with malignant transformation (1). Transformation by chemical mutagens as well as by oncogenic viruses results in changes in the size of N-linked and O-linked glycans (1, 2). The increased size of these carbohydrate structures has been attributed to multi-antennarisation and to increased sialylation (3). Multi-antennarisation has been well studied and, in particular, has been associated with increased GlcNAc(β1–6)Man(α1–6) branching of complex type oligosaccharides. This phenomenon is directly associated with elevated N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferase V activity (4). Several recent observations have suggested that increased expression of β-1,6- branched oligosaccharides may be required for tumor cell metastasis (5). Multi-antennarisation of N-linked glycans synthesized by transformed cells is widely accepted. Increased sialylation in these cells is not a general phenomenon but has nevertheless been associated with metastatic potential (6).

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