PDS technologies realizing economical full access network opticalization

Full access network opticalization, namely, an economical FTTH system, is the key to realizing the service platform of the multimedia era. The fiber-optic access system must be able to provide various kinds of multimedia services economically in addition to conventional services such as telephony (POTS). Passive Double Star (PDS) based transmission technologies give a reasonable way of realizing an economical fiber-optic access system. This paper introduces three systems based on the PDS architecture that support new and conventional services. In this review, we outline the PDS based access systems, an evolution scenario of FTTH, and update the trends in international standardization activities.