Nonlinear channel blind equalization using hybrid genetic algorithm with simulated annealing

In this paper, a hybrid genetic algorithm, which merges a genetic algorithm with simulated annealing, is presented to solve nonlinear channel blind equalization problems. The equalization of nonlinear channels is more complicated than linear channels, but it is of more practical use in real world environments. The proposed hybrid genetic algorithm with simulated annealing is used to estimate the output states of a nonlinear channel, based on the Bayesian likelihood fitness function, instead of the channel parameters. By using the desired channel states derived from these estimated output states of the nonlinear channel, the Bayesian equalizer is implemented to reconstruct transmitted symbols. In the simulations, binary signals are generated at random with Gaussian noise. The performance of the proposed method is compared with those of a conventional genetic algorithm (GA) and a simplex GA. In particular, we observe a relatively high accuracy and fast convergence of the method.

[1]  Hui Liu,et al.  Closed-form blind symbol estimation in digital communications , 1995, IEEE Trans. Signal Process..

[2]  Jennie Si,et al.  Blind equalization with a linear feedforward neural network , 1997, ESANN.

[3]  Richard O. Duda,et al.  Pattern classification and scene analysis , 1974, A Wiley-Interscience publication.

[4]  Shokri Z. Selim,et al.  Integrating genetic algorithms, tabu search, and simulated annealing for the unit commitment problem , 1999 .

[5]  Ghassan Kawas Kaleh,et al.  Joint parameter estimation and symbol detection for linear or nonlinear unknown channels , 1994, IEEE Trans. Commun..

[6]  John H. Holland,et al.  Adaptation in Natural and Artificial Systems: An Introductory Analysis with Applications to Biology, Control, and Artificial Intelligence , 1992 .

[7]  John G. Proakis,et al.  Digital Communications , 1983 .

[8]  Sina Balkir,et al.  Evolution-based design of neural fuzzy networks using self-adapting genetic parameters , 2002, IEEE Trans. Fuzzy Syst..

[9]  David E. Goldberg,et al.  Genetic Algorithms in Search Optimization and Machine Learning , 1988 .

[10]  C. D. Gelatt,et al.  Optimization by Simulated Annealing , 1983, Science.

[11]  Tania Stathaki,et al.  A constrained optimisation approach to the blind estimation of Volterra kernels , 1997, 1997 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing.

[12]  Donald F. Specht,et al.  Generation of Polynomial Discriminant Functions for Pattern Recognition , 1967, IEEE Trans. Electron. Comput..

[13]  Katsumi Yamashita,et al.  Blind equalization using parallel Bayesian decision feedback equalizer , 2001 .

[14]  Allen Gersho,et al.  Adaptive Cancellation of Nonlinear Intersymbol Interference for Voiceband Data Transmission , 1984, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications.

[15]  Lang Tong,et al.  Blind identification and equalization based on second-order statistics: a time domain approach , 1994, IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory.

[16]  Alberto L. Sangiovanni-Vincentelli,et al.  A theoretical framework for simulated annealing , 1991, Algorithmica.

[17]  Bing Li,et al.  A novel stochastic optimization algorithm , 2000, IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. Part B.

[18]  Tommy W. S. Chow,et al.  Linear neural network based blind equalization , 1999, Signal Process..

[19]  C.F.N. Cowan,et al.  Adaptive equalization of finite nonlinear channels using multilayer perceptron , 1990 .

[20]  Sheng Chen,et al.  A clustering technique for digital communications channel equalization using radial basis function networks , 1993, IEEE Trans. Neural Networks.

[21]  Hai Lin,et al.  Hybrid simplex genetic algorithm for blind equalization using RBF networks , 2002, Math. Comput. Simul..

[22]  Hai Lin,et al.  Hybrid simplex genetic algorithm for blind equalization using RBF networks , 2000, Smc 2000 conference proceedings. 2000 ieee international conference on systems, man and cybernetics. 'cybernetics evolving to systems, humans, organizations, and their complex interactions' (cat. no.0.

[23]  Georgios B. Giannakis,et al.  Blind channel identification and equalization with modulation-induced cyclostationarity , 1998, IEEE Trans. Signal Process..