Emitter location based on the linearization of quadratic TDOA and FDOA curves

This paper proposes a straightforward method producing the coarse estimate of an emitter position without the constraints of initialization and sensor-pair combination. The method derives two straight lines from a pair of quadratic TDOA and FDOA curves, and then employs a least squares minimization to estimate the emitter position. Simulation results are included to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm with varying the emitter position.