The deep Chandra survey in the SDSS J1030+0524 field

We present the X-ray source catalog for the ∼479 ks Chandra exposure of the SDSS J1030+0524 field, which is centered on a region that shows the best evidence to date of an overdensity around a z > 6 quasar, and also includes a galaxy overdensity around a Compton-thick Fanaroff-Riley type II (FRII) radio galaxy at z = 1.7. Using wavdetect for initial source detection and ACIS Extract for source photometry and significance assessment, we create preliminary catalogs of sources that are detected in the full (0.5−7.0 keV), soft (0.5−2.0 keV), and hard (2−7 keV) bands, respectively. We produce X-ray simulations that mirror our Chandra observation to filter our preliminary catalogs and achieve a completeness level of > 91% and a reliability level of ∼95% in each band. The catalogs in the three bands are then matched into a final main catalog of 256 unique sources. Among them, 244, 193, and 208 are detected in the full, soft, and hard bands, respectively. The Chandra observation covers a total area of 335 arcmin2 and reaches flux limits over the central few square arcmins of ∼3 × 10−16, 6 × 10−17, and 2 × 10−16 erg cm−2 s−1 in the full, soft, and hard bands, respectively This makes J1030 field the fifth deepest extragalactic X-ray survey to date. The field is part of the Multiwavelength Survey by Yale-Chile (MUSYC), and is also covered by optical imaging data from the Large Binocular Camera (LBC) at the Large Binocular Telescope (LBT), near-infrared imaging data from the Canada France Hawaii Telescope WIRCam (CFHT/WIRCam), and Spitzer IRAC. Thanks to its dense multi-wavelength coverage, J1030 represents a legacy field for the study of large-scale structures around distant accreting supermassive black holes. Using a likelihood ratio analysis, we associate multi-band (r, z, J, and 4.5 μm) counterparts for 252 (98.4%) of the 256 Chandra sources, with an estimated reliability of 95%. Finally, we compute the cumulative number of sources in each X-ray band, finding that they are in general agreement with the results from the Chandra Deep Fields.

[1]  F. Mannucci,et al.  Discovery of a galaxy overdensity around a powerful, heavily obscured FRII radio galaxy at z = 1.7: star formation promoted by large-scale AGN feedback? , 2019, Astronomy & Astrophysics.

[2]  M. Nonino,et al.  Complete IRAC Mapping of the CFHTLS-DEEP, MUSYC, and NMBS-II Fields , 2018, Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific.

[3]  C. Conselice,et al.  X-UDS: The Chandra Legacy Survey of the UKIDSS Ultra Deep Survey Field , 2018, The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series.

[4]  M. Mignoli,et al.  The 500 ks Chandra observation of the z = 6.31 QSO SDSS J1030 + 0524 , 2018, Astronomy & Astrophysics.

[5]  D. O. Astronomy,et al.  The primordial environment of supermassive black holes (II): deep Y and J band images around the z=6.3 quasar SDSS J1030+0524 , 2017, 1706.02317.

[6]  A. Finoguenov,et al.  The Chandra COSMOS Legacy Survey: Energy Spectrum of the Cosmic X-Ray Background and Constraints on Undetected Populations , 2017, 1702.01660.

[7]  K. Schawinski,et al.  THE CHANDRA COSMOS-LEGACY SURVEY: THE z > 3 SAMPLE , 2016, 1606.06813.

[8]  W. Brandt,et al.  THE 2 Ms CHANDRA DEEP FIELD-NORTH SURVEY AND THE 250 Ks EXTENDED CHANDRA DEEP FIELD-SOUTH SURVEY: IMPROVED POINT-SOURCE CATALOGS , 2016, 1602.06299.

[9]  K. Schawinski,et al.  THE CHANDRA COSMOS LEGACY SURVEY: OVERVIEW AND POINT SOURCE CATALOG , 2016, 1601.00941.

[10]  Andrea Merloni,et al.  A spectroscopic survey of X-ray-selected AGNs in the northern XMM-XXL field , 2015, 1511.07870.

[11]  P. Rosati,et al.  THE CHANDRA DEEP FIELD-SOUTH SURVEY: 7 MS SOURCE CATALOGS , 2016 .

[12]  K. Schawinski,et al.  THE 31 DEG2 RELEASE OF THE STRIPE 82 X-RAY SURVEY: THE POINT SOURCE CATALOG , 2015, 1510.00852.

[13]  M. Salvato,et al.  AEGIS-X: DEEP CHANDRA IMAGING OF THE CENTRAL GROTH STRIP , 2015, 1503.09078.

[14]  M. Mignoli,et al.  Primordial environment of super massive black holes: large-scale galaxy overdensities around z ~ 6 quasars with LBT , 2014, 1406.3961.

[15]  Edward J. Wollack,et al.  NINE-YEAR WILKINSON MICROWAVE ANISOTROPY PROBE (WMAP) OBSERVATIONS: FINAL MAPS AND RESULTS , 2012, 1212.5225.

[16]  G. Bruce Berriman,et al.  Astrophysics Source Code Library , 2012, ArXiv.

[17]  Pittsburgh,et al.  THE CHANDRA X-RAY POINT-SOURCE CATALOG IN THE DEEP2 GALAXY REDSHIFT SURVEY FIELDS , 2012, 1206.6884.

[18]  K. Schawinski,et al.  THE CHANDRA COSMOS SURVEY. III. OPTICAL AND INFRARED IDENTIFICATION OF X-RAY POINT SOURCES , 2012, 1205.5030.

[19]  Ann Hornschemeier,et al.  THE 4 Ms CHANDRA DEEP FIELD-SOUTH NUMBER COUNTS APPORTIONED BY SOURCE CLASS: PERVASIVE ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI AND THE ASCENT OF NORMAL GALAXIES , 2012, 1204.1977.

[20]  H. Rix,et al.  EVIDENCE FOR NON-EVOLVING Fe ii/Mg ii RATIOS IN RAPIDLY ACCRETING z ∼ 6 QSOs , 2011, 1106.5501.

[21]  A. Fontana,et al.  A COMPTON-THICK ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEUS AT z ∼ 5 IN THE 4 Ms CHANDRA DEEP FIELD SOUTH , 2011, 1102.4714.

[22]  D. Elbaz,et al.  The XMM deep survey in the CDF-S - IV. Compton-thick AGN candidates , 2013, 1303.5556.

[23]  B. Garilli,et al.  THE XMM-NEWTON WIDE-FIELD SURVEY IN THE COSMOS FIELD (XMM-COSMOS): DEMOGRAPHY AND MULTIWAVELENGTH PROPERTIES OF OBSCURED AND UNOBSCURED LUMINOUS ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI , 2010, 1004.2790.

[24]  D. M. Alexander,et al.  IDENTIFICATIONS AND PHOTOMETRIC REDSHIFTS OF THE 2 Ms CHANDRA DEEP FIELD-SOUTH SOURCES , 2010, 1002.3154.

[25]  F. Civano,et al.  THE CHANDRA SURVEY OF THE COSMOS FIELD. II. SOURCE DETECTION AND PHOTOMETRY , 2009, 0910.2617.

[26]  A. M. Swinbank,et al.  The Chandra Deep Protocluster Survey: point-source catalogues for a 400-ks observation of the z = 3.09 protocluster in SSA22 , 2009, 0907.4369.

[27]  S. Djorgovski,et al.  THE ENVIRONMENTS OF HIGH-REDSHIFT QUASI-STELLAR OBJECTS , 2009 .

[28]  L. Guzzo,et al.  The XMM-Newton wide-field survey in the COSMOS field - The point-like X-ray source catalogue , 2009, 0901.2347.

[29]  S. Djorgovski,et al.  The Environments of High Redshift QSOs , 2008, 0805.1412.

[30]  I. Smail,et al.  THE CHANDRA DEEP FIELD-SOUTH SURVEY: 4 Ms SOURCE CATALOGS , 2008, 0806.3968.

[31]  H. Rix,et al.  Black Hole Masses and Enrichment of z ~ 6 SDSS Quasars , 2007, 0707.1662.

[32]  G. Hasinger,et al.  The XMM-Newton Wide-Field Survey in the COSMOS Field. II. X-Ray Data and the log N-log S Relations , 2007, astro-ph/0701196.

[33]  P. Hall,et al.  The Multiwavelength Survey by Yale-Chile (MUSYC): Deep Near-Infrared Imaging and the Selection of Distant Galaxies , 2006, astro-ph/0612612.

[34]  D. Thompson,et al.  The XMM-Newton Wide-Field Survey in the COSMOS Field. III. Optical Identification and Multiwavelength Properties of a Large Sample of X-Ray-Selected Sources , 2006, astro-ph/0612358.

[35]  A. Comastri,et al.  The synthesis of the cosmic X-ray background in the Chandra and XMM-Newton era , 2006, astro-ph/0610939.

[36]  M. Markevitch,et al.  Absolute Measurement of the Unresolved Cosmic X-Ray Background in the 0.5-8 keV Band with Chandra , 2005, astro-ph/0512542.

[37]  F. Castander,et al.  The Multiwavelength Survey by Yale-Chile (MUSYC): Survey Design and Deep Public UBVRIz' Images and Catalogs of the Extended Hubble Deep Field-South , 2005, astro-ph/0509202.

[38]  C. Kochanek,et al.  XBootes: An X-Ray Survey of the NDWFS Bootes Field. I. Overview and Initial Results , 2005, astro-ph/0504084.

[39]  A. Comastri,et al.  The X-ray luminosity function and number counts of spiral galaxies , 2005, astro-ph/0503503.

[40]  S. Djorgovski,et al.  Evidence of Primordial Clustering around the QSO SDSS J1030+0524 at z = 6.28 , 2005, astro-ph/0502223.

[41]  A. Cimatti,et al.  XMM-Newton observations of Extremely Red Objects and the link with luminous, X-ray obscured Quasars , 2004, astro-ph/0409257.

[42]  L. Kewley,et al.  The X-Ray-derived Cosmological Star Formation History and the Galaxy X-Ray Luminosity Functions in the Chandra Deep Fields North and South , 2004, astro-ph/0402140.

[43]  Garching,et al.  A deep VLA survey at 6 cm in the Lockman Hole , 2002, astro-ph/0211625.

[44]  D. Lamb,et al.  A Wavelet-Based Algorithm for the Spatial Analysis of Poisson Data , 2001, astro-ph/0108429.

[45]  V. Narayanan,et al.  A Survey of z > 5.8 Quasars in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. I. Discovery of Three New Quasars and the Spatial Density of Luminous Quasars at z ∼ 6 , 2001, astro-ph/0108063.

[46]  Will Saunders,et al.  On the likelihood ratio for source identification. , 1992 .

[47]  Louis Lyons,et al.  A practical guide to data analysis for physical science students: Contents , 1991 .

[48]  Louis Lyons,et al.  A practical guide to data analysis for physical science students: Statistical tables , 1991 .

[49]  Louis Lyons,et al.  A practical guide to data analysis for physical science students: Random numbers , 1991 .

[50]  N. Gehrels.  Confidence limits for small numbers of events in astrophysical data , 1986 .