Clinicopathological Spectrum of Endometrium in Abnormal Uterine Bleeding : Study in a tertiary care hospital in Lahore

Aim: To study the clinicopathological spectrum of endometrium in females presenting with abnormal uterine bleeding. Study design: Descriptive cross sectional study Setting & duration: The study was carried out for a period of 2 years, from March 2014 to March 2016 in Lady Willingdon Hospital, Lahore. Sample size: 370 cases presenting with AUB were included. Sampling technique: Convenience sampling Methods: Histopathological inspection of dilatation and curettage (D&C) samples was carried out to diagnose the underlying pathology causing AUB. Results: The data was categorized in pre, peri and postmenopausal age groups. Two hundred and forty cases (64.8%) were in premenopausal age group, 93 cases (25.1%) in perimenopausal age group and 37 cases (10%) in postmenopausal age group. In premeopausal age group, proliferative endometrium was the most frequent finding (48%) followed by secretory endometrium (31%). In perimenopausal group, simple hyperplasia was the most common finding (41%). This was followed by proliferative (29%) and secretory endometrium (17%). In postmenopausal age group, most common pathology was complex hyperplasia seen in 33.3% cases, followed by atrophic endometrium 27% Conclusion: Histopathological examination plays a vital role in the diagnosis of females who present with AUB. It assists in the early diagnosis of premalignant and malignant lesions of the endometrium which happen to have an excellent prognosis if diagnosed in early stages.