Right TPJ deactivation during visual search: functional significance and support for a filter hypothesis.

Behavioral performance depends on attending to important objects in the environment rather than irrelevant objects. Regions in the right temporal-parietal junction (TPJ) are thought to be involved in redirecting attention to new objects that are behaviorally relevant. When subjects monitor a stream of distracter objects for a target, TPJ deactivates until the target is detected. We have proposed that the deactivation reflects the filtering of irrelevant inputs from TPJ, preventing unimportant objects from being attended. This hypothesis predicts that the mean deactivation to distracters should be larger when the subsequent target is detected than missed, reflecting more efficient filtering. An analysis of the blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) task-evoked signals from 20 subjects during 2 monitoring tasks confirmed this prediction for regions in right supramarginal gyrus (SMG). Because the deactivation preceded the target, this mean BOLD-detection relationship did not reflect feedback from target detection or postdetection processes. The SMG regions showing this relationship overlapped or neighbored some regions associated with a "default" mode of brain function, suggesting the functional significance of deactivations in some default regions during task performance.

[1]  J. Deutsch.  Perception and Communication , 1958, Nature.

[2]  D. Broadbent.  Perception and communication , 1958 .

[3]  A. Treisman.  Strategies and models of selective attention. , 1969, Psychological review.

[4]  Charles Curtis Eriksen,et al.  The extent of processing of noise elements during selective encoding from visual displays , 1973 .

[5]  R. Desimone,et al.  Selective attention gates visual processing in the extrastriate cortex. , 1985, Science.

[6]  D. Broadbent,et al.  From detection to identification: Response to multiple targets in rapid serial visual presentation , 1987, Perception & psychophysics.

[7]  J. Talairach,et al.  Co-Planar Stereotaxic Atlas of the Human Brain: 3-Dimensional Proportional System: An Approach to Cerebral Imaging , 1988 .

[8]  Susan L. Franzel,et al.  Guided search: an alternative to the feature integration model for visual search. , 1989, Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance.

[9]  M. Raichle,et al.  Blood flow changes in human somatosensory cortex during anticipated stimulation , 1995, Nature.

[10]  N C Andreasen,et al.  Remembering the past: two facets of episodic memory explored with positron emission tomography. , 1995, The American journal of psychiatry.

[11]  Jonathan D. Cohen,et al.  Improved Assessment of Significant Activation in Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI): Use of a Cluster‐Size Threshold , 1995, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[12]  D. Heeger,et al.  Linear Systems Analysis of Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Human V1 , 1996, The Journal of Neuroscience.

[13]  P. Goldman-Rakic,et al.  Infrequent events transiently activate human prefrontal and parietal cortex as measured by functional MRI. , 1997, Journal of neurophysiology.

[14]  C D Frith,et al.  Modulating irrelevant motion perception by varying attentional load in an unrelated task. , 1997, Science.

[15]  M. Corbetta,et al.  Common Blood Flow Changes across Visual Tasks: II. Decreases in Cerebral Cortex , 1997, Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience.

[16]  A. Dale,et al.  The Retinotopy of Visual Spatial Attention , 1998, Neuron.

[17]  R. Desimone,et al.  Competitive Mechanisms Subserve Attention in Macaque Areas V2 and V4 , 1999, The Journal of Neuroscience.

[18]  J. A. Frost,et al.  Conceptual Processing during the Conscious Resting State: A Functional MRI Study , 1999, Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience.

[19]  M. Corbetta,et al.  Areas Involved in Encoding and Applying Directional Expectations to Moving Objects , 1999, The Journal of Neuroscience.

[20]  R. Goebel,et al.  The functional neuroanatomy of target detection: an fMRI study of visual and auditory oddball tasks. , 1999, Cerebral cortex.

[21]  J. Gore,et al.  A Stimulus-Driven Approach to Object Identity and Location Processing in the Human Brain , 2000, Neuron.

[22]  M. Corbetta,et al.  Voluntary orienting is dissociated from target detection in human posterior parietal cortex , 2000, Nature Neuroscience.

[23]  J. Downar,et al.  A multimodal cortical network for the detection of changes in the sensory environment , 2000, Nature Neuroscience.

[24]  Stephen M. Rao,et al.  Neural Mechanisms of Visual Attention: Object-Based Selection of a Region in Space , 2000, Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience.

[25]  G L Shulman,et al.  INAUGURAL ARTICLE by a Recently Elected Academy Member:A default mode of brain function , 2001 .

[26]  M. Corbetta,et al.  Separating Processes within a Trial in Event-Related Functional MRI II. Analysis , 2001, NeuroImage.

[27]  K. Kiehl,et al.  Neural sources involved in auditory target detection and novelty processing: an event-related fMRI study. , 2001, Psychophysiology.

[28]  J. Downar,et al.  The Effect of Task Relevance on the Cortical Response to Changes in Visual and Auditory Stimuli: An Event-Related fMRI Study , 2001, NeuroImage.

[29]  M. Corbetta,et al.  Separating Processes within a Trial in Event-Related Functional MRI I. The Method , 2001, NeuroImage.

[30]  G. Shulman,et al.  Medial prefrontal cortex and self-referential mental activity: Relation to a default mode of brain function , 2001, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[31]  B. Mazoyer,et al.  Cortical networks for working memory and executive functions sustain the conscious resting state in man , 2001, Brain Research Bulletin.

[32]  M. Raichle,et al.  Searching for a baseline: Functional imaging and the resting human brain , 2001, Nature Reviews Neuroscience.

[33]  Vinod Menon,et al.  Functional connectivity in the resting brain: A network analysis of the default mode hypothesis , 2002, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[34]  M. Corbetta,et al.  Control of goal-directed and stimulus-driven attention in the brain , 2002, Nature Reviews Neuroscience.

[35]  J. Duncan,et al.  Filtering of neural signals by focused attention in the monkey prefrontal cortex , 2002, Nature Neuroscience.

[36]  C. Frith,et al.  Directing attention to locations and to sensory modalities: multiple levels of selective processing revealed with PET. , 2002, Cerebral cortex.

[37]  M. Corbetta,et al.  Quantitative analysis of attention and detection signals during visual search. , 2003, Journal of neurophysiology.

[38]  J. Binder,et al.  A Parametric Manipulation of Factors Affecting Task-induced Deactivation in Functional Neuroimaging , 2003, Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience.

[39]  John J. Foxe,et al.  Predicting Success: Patterns of Cortical Activation and Deactivation Prior to Response Inhibition , 2004, Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience.

[40]  S. Yantis,et al.  Preparatory activity in visual cortex indexes distractor suppression during covert spatial orienting. , 2004, Journal of neurophysiology.

[41]  M. Raichle,et al.  Effect of practice on reading performance and brain function , 2004, Neuroreport.

[42]  M. Pinsk,et al.  Push-pull mechanism of selective attention in human extrastriate cortex. , 2004, Journal of neurophysiology.

[43]  M. Posner.  The Cognitive Neuroscience of Attention , 2020 .

[44]  M. Corbetta,et al.  An Event-Related Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study of Voluntary and Stimulus-Driven Orienting of Attention , 2005, The Journal of Neuroscience.

[45]  Andrew B. Leber,et al.  Coordination of Voluntary and Stimulus-Driven Attentional Control in Human Cortex , 2005, Psychological science.

[46]  Benjamin J. Shannon,et al.  Molecular, Structural, and Functional Characterization of Alzheimer's Disease: Evidence for a Relationship between Default Activity, Amyloid, and Memory , 2005, The Journal of Neuroscience.

[47]  R. Marois,et al.  Visual Short-Term Memory Load Suppresses Temporo-Parietal Junction Activity and Induces Inattentional Blindness , 2005, Psychological science.

[48]  Kristina M. Visscher,et al.  The neural bases of momentary lapses in attention , 2006, Nature Neuroscience.

[49]  Jeffrey R. Binder,et al.  Interrupting the “stream of consciousness”: An fMRI investigation , 2006, NeuroImage.

[50]  Rafael Malach,et al.  Extrinsic and intrinsic systems in the posterior cortex of the human brain revealed during natural sensory stimulation. , 2007, Cerebral cortex.