How to boost shallow geothermal energy exploitation in the adriatic area: the LEGEND project experience

The evaluation, monitoring and reduction of the heating and cooling consumptions are topics of increasing importance. One promising technology is the geothermal heat pump. Despite its undoubted advantages compared to fossil fuels in terms of RES production, CO2 reduction and primary energy savings, there are still significant barriers for the creation of sustainable local markets. Many regions present similar conditions in terms of climate, geology, hydrogeology, infrastructure and political conditions. Because of the context-driven nature of shallow geothermal systems, similarities should be taken into account and strategies shared across borders to foster the introduction and exploitation of shallow geothermal energy.

[1]  D. Rajver,et al.  Geothermal characteristics of the Krško basin, Slovenia, based on geophysical research , 2003 .

[2]  Anibal T. de Almeida,et al.  Ground source heat pump carbon emissions and primary energy reduction potential for heating in buildings in Europe—results of a case study in Portugal , 2015 .

[3]  Valentina Gecevska,et al.  Analysis of the opportunities and challenges for renewable energy market in the Western Balkan countries , 2011 .

[4]  Stefanie Hellweg,et al.  Is it only CO2 that matters? A life cycle perspective on shallow geothermal systems , 2010 .

[5]  Alejandro García-Gil,et al.  The thermal consequences of river-level variations in an urban groundwater body highly affected by groundwater heat pumps. , 2014, The Science of the total environment.

[6]  Raffaele Cataldi,et al.  Geothermal Development In Italy: From Present To Future , 2007 .

[7]  Christopher Kennedy Key threshold for electricity emissions , 2015 .

[8]  Mirjana Golušin,et al.  Exploitation of geothermal energy as a priority of sustainable energetic development in Serbia , 2010 .

[9]  H. J Laue Regional report Europe: “heat pumps — status and trends” , 2002 .

[10]  Francesco Tinti,et al.  Energy performance strategies for the large scale introduction of geothermal energy in residential and industrial buildings: The GEO.POWER project , 2014 .

[11]  Cristian Chiavetta,et al.  Comparative life cycle assessment of renewable energy systems for heating and cooling , 2011 .

[12]  Zvonimir Guzović,et al.  Possibilities of electricity generation in the Republic of Croatia from medium-temperature geothermal sources , 2012 .

[13]  Philipp Blum,et al.  Greenhouse gas emission savings of ground source heat pump systems in Europe: A review , 2012 .

[14]  Neven Duić,et al.  Mapping the potential for decentralized energy generation based on renewable energy sources in the Republic of Croatia , 2007 .

[15]  A. Markandya,et al.  Analysis of tax incentives for energy-efficient durables in the EU , 2009 .

[16]  M. Poljak,et al.  Overview of the geothermal field of Slovenia in the area between the Alps, the Dinarides and the Pannonian basin , 1995 .

[17]  David Banks,et al.  Thermogeological assessment of open-loop well-doublet schemes: a review and synthesis of analytical approaches , 2009 .

[18]  Bernard Souyri,et al.  Geothermal helical heat exchangers: Coupling with a reversible heat pump in western Europe , 2015 .

[19]  D. Rajver,et al.  Geothermal pattern of Slovenia-enlarged data base and improved geothermal maps , 2002 .

[20]  Gerald W. Huttrer,et al.  Geothermal heat pumps: An increasingly successful technology , 1997 .

[21]  Ladislaus Rybach,et al.  Current status of ground source heat pumps and underground thermal energy storage in Europe , 2003 .

[22]  Hongxing Yang,et al.  Vertical-borehole ground-coupled heat pumps: A review of models and systems , 2010 .

[23]  Stefano Benni,et al.  Experimental analysis of shallow underground temperature for the assessment of energy efficiency potential of underground wine cellars , 2014 .

[24]  Hikari Fujii,et al.  NUMERICAL MODELING OF SLINKY-COIL HORIZONTAL GROUND HEAT EXCHANGERS , 2012 .

[25]  J.M.A. Myrzik,et al.  Estimation of the economic addressable market of micro-CHP and heat pumps based on the status of the residential building sector in Germany , 2014 .

[26]  John Psarras,et al.  Analysis of renewable energy progress in the western Balkan countries: Bosnia–Herzegovina and Serbia , 2012 .

[27]  Francesco Tinti,et al.  An innovative Borehole Heat Exchanger configuration with improved heat transfer , 2013 .

[28]  Philipp Blum,et al.  Analytical simulation of groundwater flow and land surface effects on thermal plumes of borehole heat exchangers , 2015 .

[29]  Martin Anda,et al.  Smart metering for residential energy efficiency: The use of community based social marketing for behavioural change and smart grid introduction , 2014 .

[30]  Thomas Kölbel,et al.  CO2 savings of ground source heat pump systems – A regional analysis , 2010 .

[31]  Sergio Chiesa,et al.  Rock Thermal Conductivity as Key Parameter for Geothermal Numerical Models , 2013 .

[32]  Corinna Abesser,et al.  Open-loop ground source heat pumps and groundwater systems : a literature review of current applications, regulations and problems , 2010 .

[33]  Kathrin Menberg,et al.  Long-term evolution of anthropogenic heat fluxes into a subsurface urban heat island. , 2013, Environmental science & technology.

[34]  Philipp Blum,et al.  Sustainability and policy for the thermal use of shallow geothermal energy , 2013 .

[35]  Lu Aye,et al.  Electrical and engine driven heat pumps for effective utilisation of renewable energy resources , 2003 .

[36]  Mustafa Inalli,et al.  A techno-economic comparison of ground-coupled and air-coupled heat pump system for space cooling , 2007 .