Semantic Cognition and the Ontological to Epistemic Transformation: Using Technologies to Facilitate Understanding

To appreciate the science of semantics and the implications of semantic technologies, it is important to understand the capacity of the human mind to create meaning. Human cognition and perception lay at the heart of the semantic wave of technological developments. One of the reasons why semantic and Web 3.0 technologies are important to human performance is partly because of what has become known as information or cognitive overload—where humans work way too hard for the computer rather than the other way around. Data integration middleware, business process management software, data warehouses, and data mining technologies have enabled the gathering of data from disparate sources and making those data available to human consumers. While these and “big data” technologies in general have facilitated the ontological (data availability) aspects of human problem-solving and decision-making, they have complicated the epistemological (meaning-making) aspects of those activities. Semantic and Web 3.0 technologies are forming a foundation of what we might call an ontological to epistemic transformation.

[1]  Timothy T. Baldwin,et al.  Communication Apprehension: A Barrier to Students' Leadership, Adaptability, and Multicultural Appreciation , 2013 .

[2]  Ben Shneiderman,et al.  Readings in information visualization - using vision to think , 1999 .

[3]  D. Leutner,et al.  Assessment of cognitive load in multimedia learning using dual-task methodology. , 2002, Experimental psychology.

[4]  José E. Náñez,et al.  Decoding Reveals Plasticity in V3A as a Result of Motion Perceptual Learning , 2012, PloS one.

[5]  Alan J. Dix.  Human-Computer Interaction , 2018, Encyclopedia of Database Systems.

[6]  Ray Adams,et al.  Decision and stress: cognition and e-accessibility in the information workplace , 2007, Universal Access in the Information Society.

[7]  P. Johnson-Laird,et al.  Cognitive changes from explanations , 2013 .

[8]  Marcia K. Johnson,et al.  Contextual prerequisites for understanding: Some investigations of comprehension and recall , 1972 .

[9]  Robert G. Lord,et al.  Leadership and Information Processing: Linking Perceptions and Performance , 2002 .

[10]  Mark W. Becker,et al.  The Role of Iconic Memory in Change-Detection Tasks , 2000, Perception.

[11]  L. Reder.  Implicit memory and metacognition , 1996 .

[12]  Brian McBride,et al.  The Resource Description Framework (RDF) and its Vocabulary Description Language RDFS , 2004, Handbook on Ontologies.

[13]  Mica R. Endsley,et al.  Designing for Situation Awareness : An Approach to User-Centered Design , 2003 .

[14]  William Lidwell,et al.  Universal Principles of Design , 2003 .

[15]  Michael C. Pyryt.  Human cognitive abilities: A survey of factor analytic studies , 1998 .

[16]  J. Lopreato,et al.  General system theory : foundations, development, applications , 1970 .

[17]  David L. Watson,et al.  Self-Directed Behavior: Self-Modification for Personal Adjustment , 1972 .

[18]  G. Bodenhausen,et al.  Associative and propositional processes in evaluation: an integrative review of implicit and explicit attitude change. , 2006, Psychological bulletin.

[19]  T. A. Gavrilova,et al.  The cognitive approach to the creation of ontology , 2007, Automatic Documentation and Mathematical Linguistics.

[20]  E. Bizzi,et al.  The Cognitive Neurosciences , 1996 .

[21]  Richard J. McNally,et al.  Cognitive Bias in Panic Disorder: A Process Dissociation Approach to Automaticity , 2001, Cognitive Therapy and Research.

[22]  D. Wegner,et al.  Psychology (2nd ed.) , 2011 .

[23]  Walter Schneider,et al.  Controlled and automatic human information processing: II. Perceptual learning, automatic attending and a general theory. , 1977 .

[24]  John Sweller,et al.  Cognitive Load During Problem Solving: Effects on Learning , 1988, Cogn. Sci..

[25]  Nancy J. Cooke,et al.  An Ecological Perspective on Team Cognition , 2004 .

[26]  Emi Tanaka,et al.  Cortical dynamics of visual change detection based on sensory memory , 2010, NeuroImage.

[27]  M. D’Esposito.  Working memory. , 2008, Handbook of clinical neurology.

[28]  E. Loftus,et al.  The influence of one memory retrieval on a subsequent memory retrieval , 1974, Memory & cognition.

[29]  Dennis O’Connor,et al.  Team Leadership , 2007 .

[30]  R. Remington,et al.  The role of input and output modality pairings in dual-task performance: Evidence for content-dependent central interference , 2006, Cognitive Psychology.

[31]  John R. Anderson.  The Architecture of Cognition , 1983 .

[32]  D. E. Irwin,et al.  Voluntary eyeblinks disrupt iconic memory , 2006, Perception & psychophysics.

[33]  M. Smith,et al.  Training in Organizations , 1991 .

[34]  L. Reder,et al.  Metacognition does not imply awareness: Strategy choice is governed by implicit learning and memory , 1996 .

[35]  R. Haber.  The impending demise of the icon: A critique of the concept of iconic storage in visual information processing , 1983, Behavioral and Brain Sciences.

[36]  N. Cowan.  The magical number 4 in short-term memory: A reconsideration of mental storage capacity , 2001, Behavioral and Brain Sciences.

[37]  Ezequiel Morsella,et al.  The Unconscious Mind , 2008, Perspectives on psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science.

[38]  D. Leutner,et al.  Assessment of Cognitive Load in Multimedia Learning with Dual-Task Methodology: Auditory Load and Modality Effects , 2004 .

[39]  John R. Anderson.  Learning and memory: An integrated approach, 2nd ed. , 2000 .

[40]  Vera Demberg,et al.  Language and cognitive load in a dual task environment , 2013, CogSci.

[41]  Alan Richardson-Klavehn,et al.  Level of processing and the process-dissociation procedure: Elusiveness of null effects on estimates of automatic retrieval , 2002, Memory.

[42]  Susan Bell Trickett,et al.  Note-Taking for Self-Explanation and Problem Solving , 2001, Hum. Comput. Interact..

[43]  D. Schacter,et al.  Implicit memory: A new frontier for cognitive neuroscience , 1995 .

[44]  R. Kozma.  Learning with Media , 1991 .

[45]  L. Bertalanffy.  General system theory : foundations, development, applications , 1977 .

[46]  Noam Chomsky,et al.  Studies on Semantics in Generative Grammar , 1972 .

[47]  R. Dolan,et al.  A subcortical pathway to the right amygdala mediating "unseen" fear. , 1999, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[48]  L. Jacoby.  A process dissociation framework: Separating automatic from intentional uses of memory , 1991 .

[49]  Noam Chomsky.  Human Language and Other Semiotic Systems , 1979 .

[50]  E. Rosch.  Cognitive reference points , 1975, Cognitive Psychology.

[51]  Dan Brickley,et al.  Resource Description Framework (RDF) Model and Syntax Specification , 2002 .

[52]  J. Bain,et al.  PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE Research Article How Many Variables Can Humans Process? , 2022 .

[53]  Lois E. Tetrick,et al.  Handbook of occupational health psychology , 2003 .

[54]  John R. Anderson,et al.  Learning and Memory: An Integrated Approach , 1994 .

[55]  Aaron R. Seitz,et al.  Cognitive Neuroscience: Targeting Neuroplasticity with Neural Decoding and Biofeedback , 2013, Current Biology.

[56]  A. Kellerman,et al.  The Constitution of Society : Outline of the Theory of Structuration , 2015 .

[57]  G. Bower,et al.  THE PSYCHOLOGY OF LEARNING AND M·OTIVATION , 2001 .

[58]  R. Sternberg,et al.  Intelligence, Information Processing and Analogical Reasoning : The Componential Analysis of Human Abilities , 1977 .

[59]  Éric Kavanagh.  William Lidwell, Kritina Holden et Jill Butler, The Pocket Universal Principles of Design, Rockport, 2015 , 2017 .

[60]  G. Denes,et al.  Semantic and episodic memory in aphasia , 1996, Neuropsychologia.

[61]  Dennis A. Gioia,et al.  Scripts in Organizational Behavior , 1984 .

[62]  Arie Shirom,et al.  Job-related burnout: A review. , 2003 .

[63]  D. Mrazek,et al.  Evolution and revolution in child psychiatry: ADHD as a disorder of adaptation. , 1997, Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.

[64]  T. M. Barnhardt,et al.  Number of solutions effects in stem decision: Support for the distinction between identification and production processes in priming , 2005, Memory.

[65]  A Bandura,et al.  Cognitive processes mediating behavioral change. , 1977, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[66]  A. Stephanides,et al.  Philosophy in a New Key: A Study in the Symbolism of Reason, Rite, and Art , 1948 .

[67]  M. Eden,et al.  Note on Short Term Storage of Information in Vision , 1964, Perceptual and motor skills.

[68]  Robert G. Lord,et al.  Alternative Information-Processing Models and Their Implications for Theory, Research, and Practice , 1990 .

[69]  F. Paas,et al.  Cognitive Load Theory and Instructional Design: Recent Developments , 2003 .

[70]  G. Logan.  On the ability to inhibit thought and action , 1984 .

[71]  Christopher D. Wickens,et al.  The Influence of Cognitive Load on Transfer With Error Prevention Training Methods , 2013, Hum. Factors.

[72]  Takeo Watanabe,et al.  Perceptual learning incepted by decoded fMRI neurofeedback without stimulus presentation , 2012 .

[73]  C. L. Hull.  The goal-gradient hypothesis and maze learning. , 1932 .

[74]  Ernest Greene,et al.  Information persistence in the integration of partial cues for object recognition , 2007, Perception & psychophysics.

[75]  R. Shiffrin,et al.  Controlled and automatic human information processing: I , 1977 .

[76]  Nicole B. Koppel,et al.  So Much Information, So Little Time: Evaluating Web Resources with Search Engines , 2002 .

[77]  E. Tulving,et al.  Episodic and semantic memory , 1972 .

[78]  F. Craik,et al.  Levels of Pro-cessing: A Framework for Memory Research , 1975 .