Family Determinants of Health Behaviors

The strong evidence linking behavior and health outcomes has led to the realization that truly healthy people, and truly healthy societies in these times, are distinguished by both a lack of physiological pathology and a pattern of behaviors that reduces one’s risk of developing the major chronic diseases (Hamburg, Elliott, & Parron, 1982; Matarazzo, 1982). A small number of behaviors, namely smoking, diet, and exercise, have been shown to be related to the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in industrialized countries. Smoking is a major causative factor in several cancers (Levy, 1985), cardiovascular diseases (USPHS, 1979), and chronic pulmonary diseases (Brashear, 1980). Dietary habits, particularly intake of fats and saturated fats, have been linked to development of cancers (Levy, 1985), cardiovascular diseases (Glueck & Connor, 1978), and diabetes mellitus (Arky, Wylie-Rosett, & El-Beheri, 1982). Physical inactivity appears to play a role in cardiovascular diseases (Paffenbarger & Hyde, 1984) and diabetes mellitus (Rauramaa, 1984).

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