Improving the demultiplexing performances of the multiple Bessel Gaussian beams (mBGBs)

Abstract As approximate non-diffracted beams, Bessel Gaussian (BG) beams are more suitable to be used in free-space optical (FSO) communication system than Laguerre Gaussian (LG) vortex beams because of its self-recovering property. However, due to the limitation of its detection method, the multiplexing communication based on multiple Bessel Gaussian beams (mBGBs) has not been investigated deeply. In this paper, we propose a method for simultaneous demodulation of 36-mBGBs using 6 × 6 multiplexing phase hologram (MPH). To solve the problem that the energy of some BG beams are too low at the demodulation end, a method is proposed to optimize the pinhole size of the pinhole plate at the demodulation end. Compared with the traditional decomposition method, the proposed method not only improves the decoding efficiency greatly, but also has better robustness. In addition, the communication performance of 32-mBGBs encoded with four ASCII codes has been constructed and investigated numerically. The results show that the transmitted information can be clearly decoded by setting a reasonable threshold value, which is beneficial to the practical application of mBGBs in FSO communications.

[1]  Jeffrey A. Davis,et al.  Vortex sensing diffraction gratings. , 2009, Optics letters.

[2]  Jing Du,et al.  High-dimensional structured light coding/decoding for free-space optical communications free of obstructions. , 2015, Optics letters.

[3]  Leslie Rusch,et al.  Perfect vortex beam: Fourier transformation of a Bessel beam. , 2015, Optics letters.

[4]  Andrew Forbes,et al.  Efficient sorting of Bessel beams. , 2013, Optics express.

[5]  Maxime Irene Dedo,et al.  High-efficiency sorting and measurement of orbital angular momentum modes based on the March–Zehnder interferometer and complex phase gratings , 2019, Measurement Science and Technology.

[6]  Fei Shen,et al.  Orbital Angular Momentum Shift Keying Based Optical Communication System , 2017, IEEE Photonics Journal.

[7]  Peter J. Winzer,et al.  Making spatial multiplexing a reality , 2014, Nature Photonics.

[8]  Maxime Irene Dedo,et al.  High-efficiency and high-precision identification of transmitting orbital angular momentum modes in atmospheric turbulence based on an improved convolutional neural network , 2021, Journal of Optics.

[9]  Shanshan Zhang,et al.  Visible Light Communication Based on Orbital Angular Momentum Multiplexing , 2018, 2018 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Pacific Rim (CLEO-PR).

[10]  Qidai Chen,et al.  Long focusing range and self-healing Bessel vortex beam generator. , 2020, Optics letters.

[11]  F. Gori,et al.  Bessel-Gauss beams , 1987 .

[12]  Jing Wang,et al.  Generating a Bessel-Gaussian beam for the application in optical engineering , 2015, Scientific Reports.

[13]  Chunqing Gao,et al.  Measuring OAM states of light beams with gradually-changing-period gratings. , 2015, Optics letters.

[14]  Maxime Irene Dedo,et al.  OAM mode recognition based on joint scheme of combining the Gerchberg–Saxton (GS) algorithm and convolutional neural network (CNN) , 2020 .

[15]  Zikun Wang,et al.  Adaptive Demodulation Technique for Efficiently Detecting Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) Modes Based on the Improved Convolutional Neural Network , 2019, IEEE Access.

[16]  L. C. Gómez-Pavón,et al.  Partially coherent Bessel vortex superposition with linear charge increase and aligned maxima , 2019, Journal of Optics.

[17]  J. P. Woerdman,et al.  Orbital angular momentum of light and the transformation of Laguerre-Gaussian laser modes. , 1992, Physical review. A, Atomic, molecular, and optical physics.

[18]  A. Forbes,et al.  Free-space optical communication link with shape-invariant orbital angular momentum Bessel beams. , 2019, Applied optics.

[19]  B. Thid'e,et al.  Encoding many channels on the same frequency through radio vorticity: first experimental test , 2011, 1107.2348.

[20]  Aswin C. Sankaranarayanan,et al.  GHz Optical Time-Stretch Microscopy by Compressive Sensing , 2017, IEEE Photonics Journal.

[21]  L. Molle,et al.  Transmission of Single-Channel 16-QAM Data Signals at Terabaud Symbol Rates , 2012, Journal of Lightwave Technology.

[22]  Jonathan Pinnell,et al.  Quantitative orbital angular momentum measurement of perfect vortex beams , 2019, Optics Letters.

[23]  Propagation of a Bessel-Gaussian beam in a gradient-index medium. , 2019, Applied optics.

[24]  Jeffrey A. Davis,et al.  Analysis of multilevel spiral phase plates using a Dammann vortex sensing grating. , 2010, Optics express.

[25]  M. Beijersbergen,et al.  Measuring optical vortices in a speckle pattern using a multi-pinhole interferometer. , 2010, Optics express.

[26]  Ting Wang,et al.  64-Tb/s, 8 b/s/Hz, PDM-36QAM Transmission Over 320 km Using Both Pre- and Post-Transmission Digital Signal Processing , 2011, Journal of Lightwave Technology.

[27]  Victor A. Soifer,et al.  Light field decomposition in angular harmonics by means of diffractive optics , 1998 .

[28]  K. Dholakia,et al.  Bessel beams: Diffraction in a new light , 2005 .

[29]  Jian Wang,et al.  Demonstration of obstruction-free data-carrying N-fold Bessel modes multicasting from a single Gaussian mode. , 2015, Optics letters.

[30]  Cheng-Shan Guo,et al.  Characterizing topological charge of optical vortices by using an annular aperture. , 2009, Optics letters.

[31]  N. E. Humphries,et al.  Repeated, long-distance migrations by a philopatric predator targeting highly contrasting ecosystems , 2015, Scientific Reports.

[32]  Huikai Xie,et al.  Nondestructive On-Site Detection of Soybean Contents Based on An Electrothermal MEMS Fourier Transform Spectrometer , 2019, IEEE Photonics Journal.

[33]  Andrew Forbes,et al.  Unraveling Bessel Beams , 2013 .

[34]  Jie Zhou,et al.  Experimental detection of high-order or fractional orbital angular momentum of light based on a robust mode converter , 2016 .

[35]  Xiang Zhou,et al.  Multi-Level, Multi-Dimensional Coding for High-Speed and High-Spectral-Efficiency Optical Transmission , 2009, Journal of Lightwave Technology.

[36]  Li Zhang,et al.  Channel capacity of OAM based FSO communication systems with partially coherent Bessel–Gaussian beams in anisotropic turbulence , 2018, Optics Communications.

[37]  B Zhu,et al.  Spectrally Efficient Long-Haul WDM Transmission Using 224-Gb/s Polarization-Multiplexed 16-QAM , 2011, Journal of Lightwave Technology.

[38]  R R Alfano,et al.  Double-slit interference with Laguerre-Gaussian beams. , 2006, Optics letters.

[39]  Baiwei Mao,et al.  Ultra-Broadband Mode Converter Using Cascading Chirped Long-Period Fiber Grating , 2019, IEEE Photonics Journal.

[40]  A. Zeilinger,et al.  Twisted light transmission over 143 km , 2016, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[41]  Mali Gong,et al.  Optical vortices 30 years on: OAM manipulation from topological charge to multiple singularities , 2019, Light: Science & Applications.

[42]  Zhensen Wu,et al.  Reflection and transmission of a Bessel vortex beam by a stratified uniaxial anisotropic slab , 2020 .

[43]  Propagation of multiple Bessel Gaussian beams through weak turbulence. , 2019, Optics express.

[44]  Marco W. Beijersbergen,et al.  Helical-wavefront laser beams produced with a spiral phaseplate , 1994 .

[45]  M. Lavery,et al.  Efficient sorting of orbital angular momentum states of light. , 2010, Physical review letters.

[46]  Ting Lei,et al.  Fast-Switchable OAM-Based High Capacity Density Optical Router , 2017, IEEE Photonics Journal.

[47]  Jian Wang,et al.  Simultaneous demultiplexing and steering of multiple orbital angular momentum modes , 2015, Scientific Reports.

[48]  Pei Zhang,et al.  Orbital angular momentum complex spectrum analyzer for vortex light based on the rotational Doppler effect , 2016, Light: Science & Applications.

[49]  Xiaojuan Zheng,et al.  Propagation of Bessel-Gaussian beams with optical vortices in turbulent atmosphere. , 2008, Optics express.

[50]  Jian Wang,et al.  Adaptive free-space optical communications through turbulence using self-healing Bessel beams , 2017, Scientific Reports.