The physicochemical stability and in vitro bioaccessibility of beta-carotene in oil-in-water sodium caseinate emulsions

Abstract Beta-carotene (BC), the most important dietary source of provitamin A, is necessary for optimum human health. BC is insoluble or only slightly soluble in most liquids but its bioavailability improves when ingested with fat. Therefore lipid emulsions are ideal matrices for BC delivery. BC (0.1%) in corn oil, the dispersed phase (5 or 10%), was homogenized with 2% sodium caseinate solution in a microfluidizer. Homogenization at different pressures produced droplet diameters (Dz = 368–124 nm) that were linear and inversely related to homogenization pressures in the pressure range 10–100 MPa. Nanoemulsions (r

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