Reconfigurable multi-port antennas for handheld devices

This paper presents two ways to reuse or reconfigure multi-element antennas in order to produce additional lower frequency resonances. Two example antennas are realized on FR-4 PCBs as first 2-mode 4-port antenna and second 2-mode 2-port antenna. The sizes of the proposed antenna designs are relatively small and are feasible to be integrated in handheld devices. Moreover, higher reconfigurability can be also achieved by introducing more switches on the antenna. In such a way, more frequency resonances can be obtained by using existing radiating elements.