Vergleich der Lebensqualität nach operativer Therapie einer vertebralen Osteomyelitis und degenerativer Spondylolisthesis

Zusammenfassung Einleitung Die vertebrale Osteomyelitis (VO) und die degenerative Spondylolisthesis (SL) sind 2 häufig behandelte Krankheitsbilder an der Wirbelsäule. In der vorgelegten Arbeit wird daher die Lebensqualität nach operativer Therapie dieser beiden Entitäten anhand etablierter Scores verglichen. Material und Methoden In einer monozentrischen Untersuchung wurden alle Patienten mit einer vertebralen Osteomyelitis und degenerativer Spondylolisthesen mithilfe des Spine-Tango-Registers prospektiv erfasst. Chirurgisch erfolgte die ein- oder zweizeitige Fusion der betroffenen Segmente. Die Lebensqualität wurde mit dem Core Outcome Measures Index (COMI) und dem Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) zu den Zeitpunkten t0 (0 Monate), t1 (12 Monate) und t2 (24 Monate) erhoben. Die statistische Analyse erfolgte mit SPSS 28.0. Das Signifikanzniveau wurde auf 5% festgesetzt. Ergebnisse 52 Patienten mit VO und 48 Patienten mit SL wurden in die Analyse eingeschlossen. Bei der Alters- und Geschlechtsverteilung zeigten sich keine signifikanten Unterschiede. Die Verweildauer in der SL-Gruppe war signifikant kürzer (p < 0,001). Der ODI zum Zeitpunkt t0 war in der VO-Gruppe signifikant höher (p < 0,001), hingegen unterschieden sich die COMI-Scores nicht signifikant (p = 0,155). Zu den Zeitpunkten t1 und t2 waren die Unterschiede zwischen der VO- und SL-Gruppe weder für den ODI-Score signifikant verschieden (p = 0,176; p = 0,250) noch für den COMI-Score (p = 0,682; p = 0,640). Diskussion Die postoperative Lebensqualität nach lumbaler Fusionsoperation bei SL und VO sind bei unterschiedlicher Indikation und Ausgangslage vergleichbar. In beiden Gruppen wird ein ODI- und COMI-Score chronischer Rückenschmerzpatienten erreicht. Für die präoperativ bestehende Erwartungshaltung an eine Operation sollte dies ebenso wie für die Indikationsstellung bedacht werden. Abstract Introduction Vertebral osteomyelitis (VO) and degenerative spondylolisthesis (SL) are 2 commonly treated spinal conditions. Therefore, in the presented work, the quality of life after surgical therapy of these 2 entities is compared using established scores. Methods and Material In a monocentric study, all patients with VO and SL were prospectively enrolled using the Spine Tango Registry. Surgical procedures included one- or two-stage fusion of the affected segments. Quality of life was assessed using the Core Outcome Measures Index (COMI) and the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) at time points t0 (0 months), t1 (12 months), and t2 (24 months). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS. The level of significance was set at 5%. Results 52 patients with VO and 48 patients with SL were included in the analysis. There were no significant differences in age and gender distribution. The length of stay in the SL group was significantly shorter (p < 0.001). ODI at time t0 was significantly higher in the VO group (p < 0.001), whereas COMI scores did not differ significantly (p = 0.155). At time points t1 and t2, the differences between the VO and SL groups were not significantly different for either the ODI score (p = 0.176; p = 0.250) or the COMI score (p = 0.682; p = 0.640). Discussion/Conclusion Postoperative quality of life scores after lumbar fusion surgery in SL and VO are comparable despite different indications and medical conditions. In both groups, similar quality of life with in patient with chronic back pain was achieved. This should be considered for the preoperative assessment, as well as for the indication for surgery in SL.

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