Microseismic and infrasound waves

1. Excitation of Microseisms and Infrasound Vibrations.- 1.1 Formation of Microseisms from Sea Waves.- 1.1.1 Hydrodynamics.- 1.1.2 Pressure at the Bottom in the Case of Running Waves.- 1.1.3 Pressure at the Bottom in the Case of Standing Waves.- 1.2 SMS Excitation.- 1.2.1 Coherent Model.- 1.2.2 Noncoherent Model.- 1.3 Comparison of Existing Theories of SMS Excitation.- 1.4 Theories of SMS and Infrasound Generation by Standing Sea Waves.- 1.4.1 Theory of Miche and Longuet-Higgins.- 1.4.2 Hieblot and Rocard Theory on the Origin of SMS.- 1.4.3 Theory of Infrasound Radiation by Standing Sea Waves.- 1.5 Hasselman Theory.- 1.6 Nanda Theory of SMS Generation.- 1.7 Primary and Secondary Shore Microseisms.- 2. Sources of Excitation of SMS and IS.- 2.1 Observations on the Caspian Sea. Establishment of Fundamental Relations.- 2.2 Observations of SMS on Lake Baikal.- 2.3 Microseismic Storms on the Okhotsky Sea.- 2.4 Observations of Hydrometeorological Conditions and SMS on Oceans. Recording of Alternating Pressures on the Ocean Bottom.- 2.5 Recording Infrasound Vibrations in the Atmosphere and Microseisms.- 2.6 Observations on SMS in the Shore Zone and on the Ocean Bottom.- 2.7 Experimental Confirmation of the Theory of Standing Waves, MS and Infrasound.- 3. Decomposition of MS Noise into Discrete Sources of MS Excitation.- 3.1 Separation of MS Noise According to Frequency Synchronism.- 3.1.1 Examples.- 3.2 SMS Spectra.- 3.3 Separation of Seismic "Noise" into Components Arriving from Different Sources.- 3.3.1 Measurements.- 4. Determination of Power, Energy and Positions of Sources of MS Excitation.- 4.1 Source Position.- 4.1.1 The Amplitude Field.- 4.1.2 Amplitude Centroid Method.- 4.2 Source Power and Energy.- 4.2.1 Typical Source Strengths (Hydrodynamic Model).- 4.2.2 Seismic Station Measurements of MS Excitation Sources.- 4.2.3 Calibration Curves.- 4.2.4 Estimates of the Power in Actual Cases.- 4.2.5 Comparison of MS Energy with Cyclone Energy.- 4.2.6 Method of Centroids in MS Source Position and Power Determination. An Example.- 4.3 Determination of Position and Power of MS Sources Using the Power Constant.- 4.3.1 Graphical Method.- 4.3.2 Cayley's Determinant.- 4.3.3 Method of Power Discrepancy.- 4.3.4 MS Sources in the Northern Atlantic and Northwestern Pacific.- 4.4 Shape and Size of MS Sources.- 5. MS as an Indicator of Storm Phenomena, Water Wave Regimes, Infrasound Waves and Geometric Excitations.- 5.1 Phenomena Which Arise with SMS.- 5.2 Formation of Standing Sea Waves and SMS.- 5.3 Influence of the Velocity of a Cyclone Center on MS Formation.- 5.4 Directionality of SMS and IS Radiation by an Array of Standing Sea Waves.- 5.5 Velocity of a Cyclone Center, SMS and Magnetic Storms.- 5.6 Perturbations in the Ionosphere and Fluctuations of the Geomagnetic Field.- 5.7 Geomagnetic Storms, Telluric Currents, Geomagnetic Micropulsations and SMS.- 5.7.1 Geomagnetic Storms and MS.- 5.7.2 SMS, Geomagnetic Micropulsations and Telluric Currents.- 5.8 Variations of Global MS Vibrations.- 5.9 Propagation of Radiowaves and MS Storms on Oceans.- 6. MS Vibrations in Engineering Seismology.- 6.1 Use of MS in Estimating the Seismic Response of Soils. Electrodynamic Analogy.- 6.2 High Frequency MS.- 6.2.1 Spontaneous MS.- 6.2.2 Mechanical Vibrators.- 6.3 Low Frequency MS.- 6.4 Further Possible Applications of MS.- References.