Paternal exposure to medical-related radiation associated with low birthweight infants

Abstract Low birthweight (LBW) is closely associated with fetal and perinatal mortality and morbidity. We identified the risk factors of LBW and geographical differences in LBW incidence in 30 Chinese provinces in the present study. This study was a population-based, retrospective cohort study performed in 30 Chinese provinces. We used data from the free National Pre-pregnancy Checkups Project, which is a countrywide population-based retrospective cohort study. To identify regional differences in LBW incidence, we used the Qinling-Huaihe climate line to divide China into northern and southern sections and the Heihe-Tengchong economic line to divide it into eastern and western sections. Multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis with SAS 9.4 was used for data analysis. P < .05 was considered statistically significant. LBW incidence was 4.54% in rural China. Southern China had a significantly higher incidence (4.65%) than northern China (4.28%). Our main risk factor for LBW is paternal exposure to radiation (odds ratio = 1.537), which has never been studied before. This study identifies multiple risk factors of couples giving birth to LBW babies including paternal risk factors.

[1]  F. Lu,et al.  The guidelines for prevention and control of overweight and obesity in Chinese adults. , 2004, Biomedical and environmental sciences : BES.

[2]  J. Carmody,et al.  Short-Term Gestation, Long-Term Risk: Prematurity and Chronic Kidney Disease , 2013, Pediatrics.

[3]  R. Collins,et al.  Unravelling the fetal origins hypothesis: is there really an inverse association between birthweight and subsequent blood pressure? , 2002, The Lancet.

[4]  C Osmond,et al.  Fetal, infant, and childhood growth are predictors of coronary heart disease, diabetes, and hypertension in adult men and women. , 2000, Environmental health perspectives.

[5]  U. Högberg.  The World Health Report 2005: ``Make every mother and child count'' — including Africans , 2005, Scandinavian journal of public health.

[6]  J. Attia,et al.  Exposure to Diagnostic Radiological Procedures and the Risk of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia , 2010, Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention.

[7]  D. Barker.  Early growth and cardiovascular disease , 1999, Archives of disease in childhood.

[8]  B. Horta,et al.  Low birth weight, preterm birth and small for gestational age association with adult depression: systematic review and meta-analysis , 2014, British Journal of Psychiatry.

[9]  Zhi-xian Gao,et al.  Differentiation of rat neural stem cells and its relationship with environment. , 2004, Biomedical and environmental sciences : BES.

[10]  M. Kalani,et al.  The Relationship between Maternal Vitamin D Deficiency and Low Birth Weight Neonates , 2015, Journal of family & reproductive health.

[11]  M. Blössner,et al.  Levels and patterns of intrauterine growth retardation in developing countries. , 1998, European journal of clinical nutrition.

[12]  T. Yoshizumi,et al.  Radiologic and nuclear medicine studies in the United States and worldwide: frequency, radiation dose, and comparison with other radiation sources--1950-2007. , 2009, Radiology.

[13]  Cuifang Fan,et al.  Paternal factors to the offspring birth weight: the 829 birth cohort study. , 2015, International journal of clinical and experimental medicine.

[14]  K. Bergmann,et al.  Undernutrition and growth restriction in pregnancy. , 2008, Nestle Nutrition workshop series. Paediatric programme.

[15]  S. Zyzanski,et al.  Predicting low birthweight and complicated labor in urban black women: a biopsychosocial perspective. , 1987, Social science & medicine.

[16]  M. Pearce,et al.  Paternal occupational exposure to electro‐magnetic fields as a risk factor for cancer in children and young adults: A case‐control study from the North of England , 2007, Pediatric blood & cancer.

[17]  P. Shah.  Paternal factors and low birthweight, preterm, and small for gestational age births: a systematic review. , 2010, American journal of obstetrics and gynecology.

[18]  Hyojun Park,et al.  Examining the link between women's exposure to stressful life events prior to conception and infant and toddler health: the role of birth weight , 2015, Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health.

[19]  P. Qu,et al.  [Incidence of low birth weight among single live birth neonates and influencing factors in Shaanxi]. , 2015, Zhonghua liu xing bing xue za zhi = Zhonghua liuxingbingxue zazhi.

[20]  H. Kuo,et al.  Adverse effects of parental smoking during pregnancy in urban and rural areas , 2014, BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth.

[21]  Z. Zhang,et al.  Maternal risk factors for low birth weight for term births in a developed region in China: a hospital-based study of 55,633 pregnancies , 2012, Journal of biomedical research.

[22]  S. Cnattingius,et al.  Perinatal Risk Factors for Ischemic Heart Disease: Disentangling the Roles of Birth Weight and Preterm Birth , 2008, Circulation.

[23]  Weiyuan Zhang,et al.  An epidemiological survey on low birth weight infants in China and analysis of outcomes of full-term low birth weight infants , 2013, BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth.

[24]  M. Dahlui,et al.  Risk factors for low birth weight in Nigeria: evidence from the 2013 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey , 2016, Global health action.