Overvoltage Limitation Method of an Offshore Wind Farm With DC Series-Parallel Collection Grid

This paper describes the characteristics of a series parallel wind farm (SPWF) topology and investigates the control strategy to ensure its safe operation. The SPWF was found to have advantages over other pure dc wind farm architectures in terms of lower construction cost and lower power losses in the collection system. However, unbalanced power productions among the wind turbines cause the variations of their output voltages, which may endanger the safe operation of the entire wind farm. This paper proposes a global control strategy that prevents wind turbines from operating above their overvoltage capabilities. With an active participation of the onshore converter, the proposed strategy allows maximum power point tracking of the wind turbines. The practical limitations of this strategy are discussed and improvements are given. The feasibility of the proposed method is validated in a simulation of 300 MW wind farm developed in EMTP-RV.

[1]  D.M. Divan,et al.  A three-phase soft-switched high power density DC/DC converter for high power applications , 1988, Conference Record of the 1988 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting.

[2]  Alex Q. Huang,et al.  Analysis and Comparison of Medium Voltage High Power DC/DC Converters for Offshore Wind Energy Systems , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[3]  P. Delarue,et al.  Impact of control algorithm solutions on Modular Multilevel Converters electrical waveforms and losses , 2015, 2015 17th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE'15 ECCE-Europe).

[4]  D.M. Divan,et al.  Performance characterization of a high power dual active bridge DC/DC converter , 1990, Conference Record of the 1990 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting.

[5]  Stefan Lundberg.  Wind Farm Configuration and Energy Efficiency Studies - Series DC versus AC Layouts , 2006 .

[6]  Shoji Nishikata,et al.  A New Interconnecting Method for Wind Turbine/Generators in a Wind Farm and Basic Performances of the Integrated System , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[7]  F.C. Lee,et al.  Design considerations for high-voltage high-power full-bridge zero-voltage-switched PWM converter , 1990, Fifth Annual Proceedings on Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition.

[8]  Yi Xu,et al.  A survey on the communication architectures in smart grid , 2011, Comput. Networks.

[9]  Robert L. Steigerwald.  A comparison of half-bridge resonant converter topologies , 1987 .

[10]  Xavier Guillaud,et al.  Losses estimation method by simulation for the modular multilevel converter , 2015, 2015 IEEE Electrical Power and Energy Conference (EPEC).

[11]  W.L. Kling,et al.  HVDC Connection of Offshore Wind Farms to the Transmission System , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion.

[12]  Takanori Isobe,et al.  Offshore-Wind-Farm Configuration Using Diode Rectifier With MERS in Current Link Topology , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[13]  Peter W. Lehn,et al.  Interconnection of Direct-Drive Wind Turbines Using a Series-Connected DC Grid , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy.

[14]  Jean Mahseredjian,et al.  On a new approach for the simulation of transients in power systems , 2007 .

[15]  Maryam Saeedifard,et al.  Topology Design for Collector Systems of Offshore Wind Farms With Pure DC Power Systems , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[16]  Thomas Ackermann,et al.  Loss evaluation of HVAC and HVDC transmission solutions for large offshore wind farms , 2006 .

[17]  H. J. Bahirat,et al.  Comparison of wind farm topologies for offshore applications , 2012, 2012 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting.

[18]  G.T. Heydt,et al.  Evaluation of time delay effects to wide-area power system stabilizer design , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[19]  V.G. Agelidis,et al.  VSC-Based HVDC Power Transmission Systems: An Overview , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[20]  Stefan Lundberg,et al.  System efficiency of a DC/DC converter‐based wind farm , 2008 .

[21]  Marta Molinas,et al.  Coordinated control of series‐connected offshore wind park based on matrix converters , 2012 .

[22]  Himanshu J. Bahirat,et al.  An All-DC Offshore Wind Farm With Series-Connected Turbines: An Alternative to the Classical Parallel AC Model? , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[23]  Hans-Peter Nee,et al.  On dynamics and voltage control of the Modular Multilevel Converter , 2009, 2009 13th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications.

[24]  Jonathan Robinson,et al.  Analysis and Design of an Offshore Wind Farm Using a MV DC Grid , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.

[25]  Dragan Jovcic.  Step-up DC-DC converter for megawatt size applications , 2009 .