Schwere akute Pankreatitis

Seit Anfang des letzten Jahrhunderts wird diskutiert, ob die optimale Therapie einer akuten Pankreatitis ei− nes primär konservativen oder chirurgischen Vorge− hens bedarf. In den letzten 2 Jahrzehnten wurden ent− scheidende Erkenntnisse über die Pathophysiologie und den natürlichen Verlauf der akuten Pankreatitis gewonnen [1±3]. Der Verlauf der Erkrankung variiert von einer milden selbstlimitierenden (80 %) bis zu ei− ner schweren nekrotisierenden Form (20%). Patienten mit einer milden Pankreatitis sprechen meist gut auf eine medikamentöse Therapie an und bedürfen keiner intensivmedizinischen Behandlung oder chirurgischen Intervention [4±6]. Die schwere nekrotisierende Pan− kreatitis hat dagegen auch heute noch eine Mortalität von 10 ±20 % [5,7, 8].

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