Driving midgut‐specific expression and secretion of a foreign protein in transgenic mosquitoes with AgAper1 regulatory elements

The Anopheles gambiae adult peritrophic matrix protein 1 (AgAper1) regulatory elements were used to drive the expression of phospholipase A2 (PLA2), a protein known to disrupt malaria parasite development in mosquitoes. These AgAper1 regulatory elements were sufficient to promote the accumulation of PLA2 in midgut epithelial cells before a blood meal and its release into the lumen upon blood ingestion. Plasmodium berghei oocyst formation was reduced by ∼80% (74–91% range) in transgenic mosquitoes. Blood‐seeking behaviour and survival of AgAper1‐PLA2 transgenic mosquitoes were comparable to sibling wild‐type mosquitoes, while fertility was substantially lower. Ultrastructural studies suggest that decreased fitness is a consequence of internal damage to midgut epithelial cells.

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