Histologic evaluation of Brånemark clinic oral implants retrieved from grafted sites.

PURPOSE The aim of this report is to quantitatively and qualitatively describe the bone tissue response to Brånemark implants retrieved from grafted sites in patients. MATERIALS AND METHOD The material consists of consecutively received Brånemark implants retrieved from grafted sites. Thirty-five of these implants, retrieved from 16 patients, were suitable for the histologic evaluation of undecalcified sections in the light microscope. RESULTS The unloaded implants were mainly lined with soft tissue, and sparse bone-implant contact was observed only in some sections. The loaded implants, with the exception of one implant removed due to mobility, had mature and new bone-implant contact. Resorption of graft through cutting cone structures was detected. Cement lines were found separating bone-like tissue albeit no cellular content and bone tissue with detectable osteocytes. CONCLUSION In this heterogeneous group of implants from grafted sites, the unloaded implants showed limited bone-implant contact. The autografts showed seemingly mixed viability as judged by the cell content in the osteocyte lacunae and cement lines separating areas with filled and empty lacunae.

[1]  F. W. Rhinelander.  The normal circulation of bone and its response to surgical intervention. , 1974, Journal of biomedical materials research.

[2]  T. Albrektsson.  In vivo studies of bone grafts. The possibility of vascular anastomoses in healing bone. , 1980, Acta orthopaedica Scandinavica.

[3]  M. Urist,et al.  Osteogenetic potency and new-bone formation by induction in transplants to the anterior chamber of the eye. , 1952, The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume.

[4]  P. Proussaefs,et al.  Histologic evaluation of a 12-year-old threaded hydroxyapatite-coated implant placed in conjunction with subantral augmentation procedure: a clinical report. , 2004, The Journal of prosthetic dentistry.

[5]  D. Steenberghe,et al.  The rehabilitation of the severely resorbed maxilla by simultaneous placement of autogenous bone grafts and implants: a 10-year evaluation , 1997, Clinical Oral Investigations.

[6]  R. Burwell.  Studies in the transplantation of bone. 8. Treated composite homograft-autografts of cancellous bone: an analysis of inductive mechanisms in bone transplantation. , 1966, The Journal of bone and joint surgery. British volume.

[7]  D. Tarnow,et al.  Human histologic evidence of integration of functionally loaded hydroxyapatite-coated implants placed simultaneously with sinus augmentation: a case report 2 1/2 years postplacement. , 1999, The Journal of oral implantology.

[8]  W. Enneking,et al.  Transplantation of bone. , 1978, The Surgical clinics of North America.

[9]  C. Marchetti,et al.  Histologic analysis of the interface of a titanium implant retrieved from a nonvascularized mandibular block graft after a 10-month loading period. , 1997, The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants.

[10]  P Morberg,et al.  Importance of ground section thickness for reliable histomorphometrical results. , 1995, Biomaterials.

[11]  T. Albrektsson,et al.  Treatment of the severely resorbed maxillae with bone graft and titanium implants: histologic review of autopsy specimens. , 1993, The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants.

[12]  K. Donath,et al.  A method for the study of undecalcified bones and teeth with attached soft tissues. The Säge-Schliff (sawing and grinding) technique. , 1982, Journal of oral pathology.

[13]  T. Albrektsson,et al.  Survival of the cortical bone columella in ear surgery. , 1987, Acta oto-laryngologica.

[14]  T. Albrektsson.  Repair of bone grafts. A vital microscopic and histological investigation in the rabbit. , 1980, Scandinavian journal of plastic and reconstructive surgery.

[15]  C. Huggins.  THE FORMATION OF BONE UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF EPITHELIUM OF THE URINARY TRACT , 1931 .

[16]  J. Hirsch,et al.  Biological factors contributing to failures of osseointegrated oral implants. (I). Success criteria and epidemiology. , 1998, European journal of oral sciences.

[17]  K. Donath,et al.  A method for the study of undecalcified bones and teeth with attached soft tissues. The sawing and grinding technique , 1982 .

[18]  G. D. de Lange,et al.  Fate of the HA coating of loaded implants in the augmented sinus floor: a human case study of retrieved implants. , 2002, The International journal of periodontics & restorative dentistry.

[19]  D. Tolman.  Reconstructive procedures with endosseous implants in grafted bone: a review of the literature. , 1995, The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants.

[20]  L Sennerby,et al.  Monitoring of implant stability in grafted bone using resonance frequency analysis. A clinical study from implant placement to 6 months of loading. , 2005, International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery.

[21]  P. Branemark,et al.  Reconstruction of the defective mandible. , 1975, Scandinavian journal of plastic and reconstructive surgery.

[22]  P. Boyne.  Osseous grafts and implants in the restoration of large oral defects. , 1974, The Journal of Periodontology.