Precise settlement monitoring method with total station instrument

The invention discloses a precise settlement monitoring method with a total station instrument. The method is characterized in that: a height of a precise instrument can be acquired through a virtual observation pier technology; an independency settlement calculating method allows a certain horizontal distance error to exist and large vertical angle work to be used under the condition that only amonitored point settles with no displacement of a plane, wherein the horizontal distance error and the large vertical angle work have nothing to do with a plurality of parameters; a judgment rule of settlement beginning or continuity is that a little settlement appears, so the rule has a substantial effect for protecting key project parts which may generate deformation; an initial value can be corrected by utilizing a monitoring result when settlement does not generate in early monitoring, so the initial value is closer to a true value, thereby the reliability of settlement prediction is improved; and the method of the present invention is also suitable for an observation pier or an instrumental tripod to carry out settlement monitoring except the virtual observation pier technology. The method needs almost zero investment, so the cost is not increased because of enforcing the method, and the monitoring method is simple and fast, convenient to enforce, and can save resources.