Recycling of bleach plant effluent of an Indian paper mill using water cascade analysis technique

A systematic approach to optimizing water network has traditionally been utilized to examine and plan water conservation in industrial processes. In the present case study, water cascade analysis was used to analyze and optimize the water network of a bleaching section of an Indian paper mill. Water system integration can minimize both the freshwater consumption and wastewater discharge of a paper mill. Three limiting constraints, i.e., Chemical oxygen demand, Total dissolved solids, and Adsorbable organic halides (AOX), were considered for the study; after analysis, AOX was found to be a critical limiting constraint. A nearest neighbor algorithm (NNA) was used to distribute the fresh water and recycled water among the plant operations. After the application of WCA and NNA in the bleaching section, 41.75% of fresh water consumption and 70.67% of wastewater generation could be reduced.

[1]  Dominic C.Y. Foo,et al.  Use cascade analysis to optimize water networks , 2006 .

[2]  M. Wasilewski,et al.  Make your process water pay for itself , 1996 .

[3]  Dominic Chwan Yee Foo,et al.  Flowrate targeting for threshold problems and plant-wide integration for water network synthesis. , 2008, Journal of environmental management.

[4]  Sharifah Rafidah Wan Alwi,et al.  SHARPS: A new cost-screening technique to attain cost-effective minimum water network , 2006 .

[5]  Santanu Bandyopadhyay,et al.  Source composite curve for waste reduction , 2006 .

[6]  Mahmoud M. El-Halwagi,et al.  An algebraic targeting approach to resource conservation via material recycle/reuse , 2007 .

[7]  Robin Smith,et al.  Designing for the Interactions Between Water-Use and Effluent Treatment , 1998 .

[8]  Zainuddin Abdul Manan,et al.  Retrofit of water network with optimization of existing regeneration units , 2006 .

[9]  Mahmoud M. El-Halwagi,et al.  RIGOROUS GRAPHICAL TARGETING FOR RESOURCE CONSERVATION VIA MATERIAL RECYCLE/REUSE NETWORKS , 2003 .

[10]  Dominic C.Y. Foo,et al.  Water Cascade Analysis for Single and Multiple Impure Fresh Water Feed , 2007 .

[11]  Y. P. Wang,et al.  Wastewater minimization with flowrate constraints , 1995 .

[12]  Nick Hallale,et al.  A NEW GRAPHICAL TARGETING METHOD FOR WATER MINIMISATION , 2002 .

[13]  Yin Ling Tan,et al.  Targeting the minimum water flow rate using water cascade analysis technique , 2004 .

[14]  Denny K. S. Ng,et al.  Evolution of water network using improved source shift algorithm and water path analysis , 2006 .

[15]  Mahmoud M. El-Halwagi,et al.  An algebraic approach to targeting waste discharge and impure fresh usage via material recycle/reuse networks , 2005 .

[16]  U. V. Shenoy,et al.  Unified conceptual approach to targeting and design of water and hydrogen networks , 2006 .

[17]  Bodo Linnhoff,et al.  A User guide on process integration for the efficient use of energy , 1994 .

[18]  Zainuddin Abdul Manan,et al.  A new systematic technique for retrofit of water network , 2008 .

[19]  Ravi Prakash,et al.  Design and evolution of water networks by source shifts , 2005 .

[20]  Mahmoud M. El-Halwagi,et al.  Synthesis of mass exchange networks , 1989 .

[21]  Robin Smith,et al.  Design of Water-Using Systems Involving Regeneration , 1998 .