Field response of the northern spruce bark beetle Ips duplicatus (Sahlberg) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae) to different combinations of synthetic pheromone with (−)‐α‐pinene and (+)‐limonene

Field trapping experiments were conducted to evaluate the response of Ips duplicatus (Sahlberg) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae) beetles to different combinations of synthetic pheromone with the monoterpenes (−)‐α‐pinene and (+)‐limonene. The addition of (−)‐α‐pinene to the pheromone led to a significant increase (by 36.3–47.8%) of I. duplicatus captures when the pheromone : terpene ratio was 1 : 40. When the ratio increased beyond 1 : 200, its synergic effect disappeared. Adding (+)‐limonene did not modify the beetles response to pheromone for pheromone : terpene ratios of 1 : 40, 1 : 200 and 1 : 1000, whereas adding (−)‐α‐pinene and (+)‐limonene in pheromone : terpenes ratios of 1 : 40 : 40, 1 : 200 : 200 and 1 : 1000 : 1000, respectively, caused a significant increase in captures by 61.6–254.1%. Therefore, doubling the quantity of released pheromone increased the attractiveness for I. duplicatus to 169.5–195.3%. Ips duplicatus has strongly intensified its response to the specific synthetic pheromone when (−)‐α‐pinene and (+)‐limonene were released together. When the two monoterpenes were tested separately, the response to the pheromone was not modified by the presence of limonene, although it was slightly intensified in the presence of (−)‐α‐pinene.

[1]  M. Duduman,et al.  Effects of volatile emissions of Picea abies fresh debris on Ips duplicatus response to characteristic synthetic pheromone. , 2012 .

[2]  Eric Chang,et al.  Pheromone production in bark beetles. , 2010, Insect biochemistry and molecular biology.

[3]  Qing-He Zhang,et al.  Catching Ips duplicatus (Sahlberg) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) with pheromone-baited traps: optimal trap type, colour, height and distance to infestation. , 2010, Pest management science.

[4]  J. A. Rudinsky,et al.  Attraction of the Bark Beetle Ips typographus L. to Terpenes and a Male-Produced Pheromone1 , 2009 .

[5]  M. Faccoli,et al.  Responses of the Mediterranean Pine Shoot Beetle Tomicus destruens (Wollaston) to Pine Shoot and Bark Volatiles , 2008, Journal of Chemical Ecology.

[6]  E. Christiansen,et al.  A host monoterpene influences Ips typographus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae) responses to its aggregation pheromone , 2007 .

[7]  A. Kunca,et al.  Invasive and quarantine pests in forests in Slovakia , 2006 .

[8]  J. Hulcr,et al.  The role of semiochemicals in tritrophic interactions between the spruce bark beetle Ips typographus, its predators and infested spruce , 2006 .

[9]  M. Faccoli,et al.  Feeding Response to Host and Nonhost Compounds by Males and Females of the Spruce Bark Beetle Ips typographus in a Tunneling Microassay , 2005, Journal of Chemical Ecology.

[10]  K. Raffa,et al.  Effect of varying monoterpene concentrations on the response of Ips pini (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) to its aggregation pheromone: implications for pest management and ecology of bark beetles , 2003 .

[11]  R. Jakuš,et al.  Influence of the proportion of (−) α‐pinene in pheromone bait on Ips typographus (Col., Scolytidae) catch in pheromone trap barriers and in single traps , 2003 .

[12]  F. Schlyter,et al.  A successful Case of Pheromone Mass Trapping of the Bark Beetle Ips duplicatus in a Forest Island, Analysed by 20-year Time-Series Data , 2001 .

[13]  Qing-He Zhang,et al.  Olfactory Responses of Ips duplicatus from Inner Mongolia, China to Nonhost Leaf and Bark Volatiles , 2001, Journal of Chemical Ecology.

[14]  J. Byers,et al.  Strategies of a bark beetle, Pityogenes bidentatus, in an olfactory landscape , 2000, Naturwissenschaften.

[15]  K. Raffa,et al.  Influences of Host Chemicals and Internal Physiology on the Multiple Steps of Postlanding Host Acceptance Behavior of Ips pini (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) , 2000 .

[16]  Jim Hardie,et al.  Pheromones of Non-Lepidopteran Insects Associated with Agricultural Plants , 1999 .

[17]  R. Schopf,et al.  Zur Bedeutung von Monoterpenen bei der Aggregation des Buchdruckers Ips typographus (Coleoptera: Scolytidae: Ipinae) , 1996 .

[18]  G. Watzek,et al.  Test von Monoterpenen als Zusatz zu Pheroprax® bzw. Chalcoprax® in Pheromonfallen zum Fang des Buchdruckers,Ips typographus L. bzw. des Kupferstechers,Pityogenes chalcographus L. (Col., Scolytidae) , 1996, Anzeiger für Schädlingskunde Pflanzenschutz Umweltschutz.

[19]  G. Birgersson,et al.  Regulation and biosynthesis of pheromone components in the double spined bark beetle Ips duplicatus (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) , 1995 .

[20]  F. Schlyter,et al.  Demonstration of de Novo pheromone biosynthesis in Ips duplicatus (Coleoptera: Scolytidae): inhibition of ipsdienol and E-myrcenol production by compactin , 1993 .

[21]  R. Janson.  Monoterpene emissions from Scots pine and Norwegian spruce , 1993 .

[22]  J. Byers,et al.  E-myrcenol inIps duplicatus: An aggregation pheromone component new for bark beetles , 1990, Experientia.

[23]  G. Bergström,et al.  Volatiles released from individual spruce bark beetle entrance holes Quantitative variations during the first week of attack , 1989, Journal of Chemical Ecology.

[24]  J. Byers,et al.  Attraction to pheromone sources of different quantity, quality, and spacing: Density-regulation mechanisms in bark beetleIps typographus , 1987, Journal of Chemical Ecology.

[25]  A. Bakke,et al.  Response in Ips typographus to logging waste odours and synthetic pheromones , 1986 .

[26]  J. Byers,et al.  Chemical Ecology of Bark Beetles in Regard to Search and Selection of Host Trees , 2011 .

[27]  M. Duduman,et al.  Ips duplicates (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae) an important insect pest of Norway spruce planted outside its natural range. , 2009 .

[28]  M. Duduman,et al.  INHIBITORY EFFECT OF (-)ALPHA-PINENE HIGH RELEASE RATES ON IPS TYPOGRAPHUS (L.) RESPONSE TO ITS AGGREGATION PHEROMONE , 2007 .

[29]  J. Byers.  Chemical Ecology of Bark Beetles in a Complex Olfactory Landscape , 2007 .

[30]  P. Hrubík.  ALIAN INSECT PESTS ON INTRODUCED WOODY PLANTS IN SLOVAKIA , 2007 .

[31]  W. J. Mattson,et al.  Physiology and Genetics of Tree-phytophage Interactions , 1999 .

[32]  A. Pfeffer,et al.  Zentral- und westpaläarktische Borken- und Kernkäfer :(Coleoptera: Scolytidae, Platypodidae) , 1995 .

[33]  D. E. Bright,et al.  A catalog of Scolytidae and Platypodidae (Coleoptera) , 1987 .

[34]  David L. Wood,et al.  THE ROLE OF PHEROMONES, KAIROMONES, AND ALLOMONES IN THE HOST SELECTION AND COLONIZATION BEHAVIOR OF BARK BEETLES , 1982 .

[35]  A. Bakke.  Aggregation pheromone in the bark beetle Ips duplicatus (Sahlberg). , 1975 .

[36]  J. A. Rudinsky.  Ecology of Scolytidae , 1962 .