Research article COMPARATIVE CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF NORMAL AND ORGANIC GINGER OILS (ZINGIBER OFFICINALE ROSCOE)

Essential oils obtained from the rhizomes of normal and organic ginger plants (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) were characterized by GC and GC-MS. Zingiberene was the chief compound in both ginger oils. Organic ginger oil contained geranial (10.5%) as the second main compound and had more oxygenated compounds (35.1%) compared to normal ginger oil (31.9%). The organic ginger oil also contained β-bisabolene (6.1%), ar-curcumene (5.8%), sesquiphellandrene (2.6%) and δ-cadinene (2.2%). Antimicrobial activity of both the extracted oils was assessed against Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Stephylococcus aureus, E. coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Shigella flexneri, Candida albicans, Fusarium oxysporum, Aspergillus niger, Penicillium sp by disc diffusion method and obtained results are comparable with the reference compounds. The MIC values of the oils ranged from 20µg/mL to 1 µg/mL which is very significant. The study shows a wide application of oil extracted from organic ginger in the treatment of many bacterial and fungal diseases.

[1]  G. El-Baroty,et al.  Characterization of antioxidant and antimicrobial Characterization of antioxidant and antimicrobial compounds of cinnamon and ginger essential oils , 2010 .

[2]  F. Anwar,et al.  Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of essential oil and extracts of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) seeds from Pakistan , 2009 .

[3]  Z. Y. Daw,et al.  Inhibition of Aspergillus parasiticus growth and aflatoxin production by some essential oils , 2009 .

[4]  Pratibha Singh,et al.  Chemistry, antioxidant and antimicrobial investigations on essential oil and oleoresins of Zingiber officinale. , 2008, Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association.

[5]  Manoel,et al.  Alterations in behavior and memory induced by the essential oil of Zingiber officinale Roscoe (ginger) in mice are cholinergic-dependent , 2008 .

[6]  V. George,et al.  Phenylbutanoid-rich rhizome oil of Zingiber neesanum from Western Ghats, southern India , 2007 .

[7]  O. Senhaji,et al.  Inactivation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 by essential oil from Cinnamomum zeylanicum. , 2007, The Brazilian journal of infectious diseases : an official publication of the Brazilian Society of Infectious Diseases.

[8]  L. Brooks,et al.  Essential oil composition of diploid and tetraploid clones of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) grown in Australia. , 2006, Journal of agricultural and food chemistry.

[9]  L. V. Rao,et al.  Antimicrobial activities of Eugenol and Cinnamaldehyde against the human gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori , 2015 .

[10]  M. Gbéassor,et al.  Bioassay‐guided isolation and identification of antifungal compounds from ginger , 2003, Phytotherapy research : PTR.

[11]  F. Tomi,et al.  Essential Oil Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Three Zingiberaceae from S.Tomé e Príncipe , 2001, Planta medica.

[12]  M. Mackeen,et al.  Screening of Zingiberaceae extracts for antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. , 2000, Journal of ethnopharmacology.

[13]  H. J. Dorman,et al.  Antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of some commercial essential oils , 1998 .

[14]  O. Nishimura.  Identification of the characteristic odorants in fresh rhizomes of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) using aroma extract dilution analysis and modified multidimensional gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy , 1995 .

[15]  G. El-Baroty,et al.  Antimicrobial Activity of Some Egyptian Spice Essential Oils. , 1989, Journal of food protection.

[16]  G. El-Baroty,et al.  CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF THE ESSENTIAL OIL OF EGYPTIAN MOLDAVIAN BALM , 2008 .

[17]  S. Nanasombat,et al.  ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF CRUDE ETHANOLIC EXTRACTS AND ESSENTIAL OILS OF SPICES AGAINST SALMONELLAE AND OTHER ENTEROBACTERIA , 2005 .

[18]  Guo Bao-jiang.  GC-MS ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT SOLVENT EXTRACTS OF GINGER , 2001 .

[19]  P. Variyar,et al.  Effect of γ-irradiation on the volatile oil constituents of fresh ginger (zingiber officinale) rhizome , 1997 .

[20]  G. Sinha,et al.  Antibacterial and antifungal study of some essential oils and some of their constituents. , 1990 .

[21]  R. S. Farag,et al.  Influence of Some Spice Essential Oils on Aspergillus Parasiticus Growth and Production of Aflatoxins in a Synthetic Medium , 1989 .

[22]  正田 芳郎.  Analysis of essential oils by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry , 1976 .

[23]  C. Nord,et al.  Antibiotic susceptibility testing of anaerobic bacteria by the standardized disc diffusion method with special reference to bacteroides fragilis. , 1975, Scandinavian journal of infectious diseases.