Biased normalized cuts

We present a modification of “Normalized Cuts” to incorporate priors which can be used for constrained image segmentation. Compared to previous generalizations of “Normalized Cuts” which incorporate constraints, our technique has two advantages. First, we seek solutions which are sufficiently “correlated” with priors which allows us to use noisy top-down information, for example from an object detector. Second, given the spectral solution of the unconstrained problem, the solution of the constrained one can be computed in small additional time, which allows us to run the algorithm in an interactive mode. We compare our algorithm to other graph cut based algorithms and highlight the advantages.

[1]  M. Fiedler Algebraic connectivity of graphs , 1973 .

[2]  A. Hoffman,et al.  Lower bounds for the partitioning of graphs , 1973 .

[3]  Robert E. Tarjan,et al.  A Fast Parametric Maximum Flow Algorithm and Applications , 1989, SIAM J. Comput..

[4]  Fan Chung,et al.  Spectral Graph Theory , 1996 .

[5]  Jitendra Malik,et al.  Normalized cuts and image segmentation , 1997, Proceedings of IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition.

[6]  Marie-Pierre Jolly,et al.  Interactive graph cuts for optimal boundary & region segmentation of objects in N-D images , 2001, Proceedings Eighth IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision. ICCV 2001.

[7]  Jianbo Shi,et al.  Grouping with Bias , 2001, NIPS.

[8]  Shang-Hua Teng,et al.  Nearly-linear time algorithms for graph partitioning, graph sparsification, and solving linear systems , 2003, STOC '04.

[9]  Vladimir Kolmogorov,et al.  An experimental comparison of min-cut/max- flow algorithms for energy minimization in vision , 2001, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence.

[10]  Patrick Pérez,et al.  Interactive Image Segmentation Using an Adaptive GMMRF Model , 2004, ECCV.

[11]  Andrew Blake,et al.  "GrabCut": interactive foreground extraction using iterated graph cuts , 2004, ACM Trans. Graph..

[12]  Fan Chung Graham,et al.  Local Graph Partitioning using PageRank Vectors , 2006, 2006 47th Annual IEEE Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science (FOCS'06).

[13]  Stephen P. Boyd,et al.  Convex Optimization , 2004, Algorithms and Theory of Computation Handbook.

[14]  Anders P. Eriksson,et al.  Normalized Cuts Revisited: A Reformulation for Segmentation with Linear Grouping Constraints , 2007, ICCV.

[15]  Kevin J. Lang,et al.  An algorithm for improving graph partitions , 2008, SODA '08.

[16]  Jitendra Malik,et al.  Using contours to detect and localize junctions in natural images , 2008, 2008 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition.

[17]  Nisheeth K. Vishnoi,et al.  A Spectral Algorithm for Improving Graph Partitions , 2009, ArXiv.

[18]  Kurt Keutzer,et al.  Efficient, high-quality image contour detection , 2009, 2009 IEEE 12th International Conference on Computer Vision.

[19]  Luc Van Gool,et al.  The Pascal Visual Object Classes (VOC) Challenge , 2010, International Journal of Computer Vision.

[20]  Subhransu Maji,et al.  Detecting People Using Mutually Consistent Poselet Activations , 2010, ECCV.