WHAT MOVES, THE AIRPLANE OR THE WORLD. A REVIEW OF THE MOTION RELATIONSHIP PROBLEM IN PRESENTING AIRCRAFT ATTITUDE AND GUIDANCE INFORMATION

Abstract : Display motion relationships for attitude and steering indicators have always been controversial issues in flight display design. The questions involve whether the pilot thinks the aircraft is moving relative to the outside world or the outside world is moving relative to the airplane. The pertinent information, obtained through both experience and formal experimentation, is reviewed. An alternative to the standard forms of attitude presentation employs the frequency separation principle. The problems considered when doing experimental investigations on flight displays are subject pools, research environments, flight tasks, and performance measures. Research requirements necessary to solve the longstanding questions on display motion relationships are presented.