A Low‐Cost Digital Image Correlation Technique for Characterising the Shear Deformation of Fabrics for Draping Studies

A novel digital image correlation (DIC) technique has been developed to track changes in textile yarn orientations during shear characterisation experiments, requiring only low-cost digital imaging equipment. Fabric shear angles and effective yarn strains are calculated and visualised using this new DIC technique for bias extension testing of an aerospace grade, carbon-fibre reinforcement material with a plain weave architecture. The DIC results are validated by direct measurement, and the use of a wide bias extension sample is evaluated against a more commonly used narrow sample. Wide samples exhibit a shear angle range 25% greater than narrow samples and peak loads which are 10 times higher. This is primarily due to excessive yarn slippage in the narrow samples; hence, the wide sample configuration is recommended for characterisation of shear properties which are required for accurate modelling of textile draping.

[1]  Andrew C. Long,et al.  Shear characterisation of viscous woven textile composites: a comparison between picture frame and bias extension experiments , 2004 .

[2]  P. Harrison,et al.  Evaluation of normalisation methods for uniaxial bias extension tests on engineering fabrics , 2014 .

[3]  Jr C. C. Poe,et al.  A Review of the NASA Textile Composites Research , 1997 .

[4]  M. F. Culpin.  8—THE SHEARING OF FABRICS: A NOVEL APPROACH , 1979 .

[5]  Jian Cao,et al.  A continuum mechanics-based non-orthogonal constitutive model for woven composite fabrics , 2005 .

[6]  Gilles Hivet,et al.  A contribution to the analysis of the intrinsic shear behavior of fabrics , 2011 .

[7]  P. Potluri,et al.  Characterising the shear–tension coupling and wrinkling behaviour of woven engineering fabrics , 2012 .

[8]  Ignace Verpoest,et al.  Full-field strain measurements in textile deformability studies , 2008 .

[9]  X. Tao,et al.  Large deformation and slippage mechanism of plain woven composite in bias extension , 2007 .

[10]  Jun Wang,et al.  Experimental investigation of the draping properties of reinforcement fabrics , 1998 .

[11]  Gilles Hivet,et al.  Analyses of fabric tensile behaviour: determination of the biaxial tension–strain surfaces and their use in forming simulations , 2001 .

[12]  川端 季雄,et al.  The standardization and analysis of hand evaluation. , 1975 .

[13]  J. P. Lewis.  Fast Normalized Cross-Correlation , 2010 .

[14]  P. Boisse,et al.  Numerical and experimental analyses of woven composite reinforcement forming using a hypoelastic behaviour: Application to the double dome benchmark , 2010 .

[15]  P. Potluri,et al.  Measurement of meso-scale shear deformations for modelling textile composites , 2006 .

[16]  K. Bathe.  Finite Element Procedures , 1995 .

[17]  James A. Sherwood,et al.  Characterization of mechanical behavior of woven fabrics: Experimental methods and benchmark results , 2008 .

[18]  Ignace Verpoest,et al.  Drape-ability characterization of textile composite reinforcements using digital image correlation , 2007 .