Wall pressure fluctuations beneath supersonic turbulent boundary layers

The structure of the wall pressure field beneath supersonic adiabatic turbulent boundary layers is analyzed by means of direct numerical simulations at free-stream Mach number M∞ = 2, 3, 4, spanning a relatively large range of Reynolds numbers. The data reported in the paper, which include wall pressure fluctuations intensities, frequency spectra, space-time correlations, and convection velocities, show that when pressure is scaled by the wall shear stress, most statistics well conform to low-speed findings, contradicting the conclusions of previous experimental studies. Genuine compressibility effects are found to provide a small contribution to the magnitude of the wall pressure fluctuations, their influence being limited to the high-frequency end of the spectra, where a systematic increase with the Mach number is observed.

[1]  A. Martellucci,et al.  Wall pressure fluctuations in attached boundary-layer flow , 1983 .

[2]  M. Pino Martin,et al.  DNS of Hypersonic Turbulent Boundary Layers , 2004 .

[3]  M. Bull.  WALL-PRESSURE FLUCTUATIONS BENEATH TURBULENT BOUNDARY LAYERS: SOME REFLECTIONS ON FORTY YEARS OF RESEARCH , 1996 .

[4]  William W. Willmarth,et al.  Wall Pressure Fluctuations in a Turbulent Boundary Layer , 1956 .

[5]  M. Goody.  Empirical Spectral Model of Surface Pressure Fluctuations , 2004 .

[6]  Peter Bradshaw,et al.  ‘Inactive’ motion and pressure fluctuations in turbulent boundary layers , 1967, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

[7]  Parviz Moin,et al.  On the space‐time characteristics of wall‐pressure fluctuations , 1990 .

[8]  R. Kraichnan.  Pressure Fluctuations in Turbulent Flow over a Flat Plate , 1956 .

[9]  Mario J. Casarella,et al.  Spectral features of wall pressure fluctuations beneath turbulent boundary layers , 1991 .

[10]  Javier Jiménez,et al.  Turbulent boundary layers and channels at moderate Reynolds numbers , 2010, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

[11]  M. Bull.  Wall-pressure fluctuations associated with subsonic turbulent boundary layer flow , 1967, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

[12]  W. Willmarth,et al.  Pressure Fluctuations Beneath Turbulent Boundary Layers , 1975 .

[13]  W. Willmarth,et al.  Measurements of the fluctuating pressure at the wall beneath a thick turbulent boundary layer , 1962, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

[14]  Sergio Pirozzoli,et al.  Direct numerical simulation and analysis of a spatially evolving supersonic turbulent boundary layer at M=2.25 , 2004 .

[15]  Sergio Pirozzoli,et al.  Generalized conservative approximations of split convective derivative operators , 2010, J. Comput. Phys..

[16]  Jean-Paul Dussauge,et al.  A simple model for low-frequency unsteadiness in shock-induced separation , 2009, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

[17]  A. Martellucci,et al.  Prediction of surface pressure fluctuations in hypersonic turbulent boundary layers , 1976 .

[18]  Matteo Bernardini,et al.  Direct Numerical Simulation Database for Impinging Shock Wave/Turbulent Boundary-Layer Interaction , 2011 .

[19]  O. Phillips.  On the aerodynamic surface sound from a plane turbulent boundary layer , 1956, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences.

[20]  W. S. Chen,et al.  The fluctuating pressure field in a supersonic turbulent boundary layer , 1963, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

[21]  J. E. Williams.  Surface-pressure fluctuations induced by boundary-layer flow at finite Mach number , 1965, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

[22]  E. F. Spina,et al.  Convection velocity in supersonic turbulent boundary layers , 1990 .

[23]  Roberto Camussi,et al.  Wall pressure fluctuations induced by transonic boundary layers on a launcher model , 2007 .

[24]  Eric F. Spina,et al.  The Physics of Supersonic Turbulent Boundary Layers , 1994 .

[25]  Alexander J. Smits,et al.  A Survey of Measurements and Measuring Techniques in Rapidly Distorted Compressible Turbulent Boundary Layers , 1989 .

[26]  J. Laufer,et al.  Some Statistical Properties of the Pressure Field Radiated by a Turbulent Boundary Layer , 1964 .

[27]  Christopher A. Kennedy,et al.  Reduced aliasing formulations of the convective terms within the Navier-Stokes equations for a compressible fluid , 2008, J. Comput. Phys..

[28]  L. Maestrello.  Radiation from and panel response to a supersonic turbulent boundary layer , 1969 .

[29]  L. Souverein.  On the scaling and unsteadiness of shock induced separation , 2010 .

[30]  P. Alfredsson,et al.  Pressure statistics and their scaling in high-Reynolds-number turbulent boundary layers , 2007, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

[31]  Matteo Bernardini,et al.  Direct numerical simulation of transonic shock/boundary layer interaction under conditions of incipient separation , 2010, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

[32]  F. Fahy,et al.  Mechanics of flow-induced sound and vibration , 1989 .

[33]  Ramis Örlü,et al.  Assessment of direct numerical simulation data of turbulent boundary layers , 2010, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

[34]  Javier Jiménez,et al.  A high-resolution code for turbulent boundary layers , 2009, J. Comput. Phys..

[35]  J.-P. Lacharme,et al.  Experimental study of a supersonic turbulent boundary layer using a laser Doppler anemometer , 1988 .

[36]  Günter Schewe,et al.  On the structure and resolution of wall-pressure fluctuations associated with turbulent boundary-layer flow , 1983, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

[37]  Alexander J. Smits,et al.  Turbulent Shear Layers in Supersonic Flow , 1996 .

[38]  M. Bernardini,et al.  The wall pressure signature of transonic shock/boundary layer interaction , 2011, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

[39]  John F. Henfling,et al.  Pressure power spectra beneath a supersonic turbulent boundary layer. , 2010 .

[40]  O. M. Phillips,et al.  On the generation of sound by supersonic turbulent shear layers , 1960, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.