Economic assessments of intermittent, grid-connected solar electric technologies: a review of methods

The methods are reviewed that have been used for economic assessments of intermittent solar technologies in applications that are connected to conventional utility systems. The problem is emphasized of estimating solar electric technology cost goals - the system costs at which solar technologies will compete with conventional systems. The factors are identified that must be considered when assessing intermittent technologies, and the methods are reviewed that have been used in technology assessment studies. The tradeoffs among methods are qualitatively assessed relative to ease of use and accuracy of results, and the best available methods are identified for use when maximum accuracy is desired. Data problems, deficiencies in existing techniques, and unresolved methodological issues are analyzed. Input assumptions and economic figures of merit are also evaluated.