XRD and TG-FTIR study of the effect of mineral matrix on the pyrolysis and combustion of organic matter in shale char

Abstract Shale char organic matter was obtained by demineralization of shale char through HCl and HF treatment. XRD technique was applied to determine the minerals in shale char and its ashes from different-temperature combustions. The effect of mineral matrix in shale char on the pyrolysis and combustion of organic matter was explored by the TG-FTIR test to shale char and its organic matter. Minerals in shale char ash changed both in amount and variety during combustion. Both the pyrolysis and combustion of shale char and its organic matter can be divided into two stages. Without confinement of mineral matrix after demineralization, the emission of gaseous products from the pyrolysis of shale char organic matter starts earlier than that of shale char pyrolysis. The effect of inorganic minerals on the oxidation of organic matter displays in two aspects. For one, the earth metal cations contained in inorganic minerals may promote the oxidation of organic matter. Secondly, the presence of inorganic matrix enhances the porosity of shale char. New organic sulfur formed during oil shale retorting is confined by inorganic matrix during combustion. After demineralization, this new organic sulfur can decompose and be released intensively at low temperature.

[1]  A. Smith,et al.  Applied Infrared Spectroscopy: Fundamentals Techniques and Analytical Problem-Solving , 1979 .

[2]  Junwei Yan,et al.  Effects of Retorting Factors on Combustion Properties of Shale Char. 2. Pore Structure , 2011 .

[3]  W. F. Caley,et al.  Decomposition of pyrite and trapping of sulphur in a coal matrix during pyrolysis of coal , 1984 .

[4]  J. T. Joseph,et al.  Effect of exchangeable cations on liquefaction of low rank coals , 1992 .

[5]  M. Siskin,et al.  Pyrolysis studies on the structure of ethers and phenols in coal , 1983 .

[6]  Haokan Chen,et al.  Decomposition of pyrite and the interaction of pyrite with coal organic matrix in pyrolysis and hydropyrolysis , 2000 .

[7]  A. Burnham.  Oil evolution from a self-purging reactor: kinetics and composition at 2.degree.C/min and 2.degree.C/h , 1991 .

[8]  Junwei Yan,et al.  Effects of retorting factors on combustion properties of shale char , 2011 .

[9]  R. Kuusik,et al.  Utilization of Estonian oil shale semicoke , 2008 .

[10]  G. T. Felbeck,et al.  High temperature simulation of petroleum formation—II. Effect of inorganic sedimentary constituents on hydrocarbon formation , 1983 .

[11]  B. Stuart.  Infrared Spectroscopy , 2004, Analytical Techniques in Forensic Science.

[12]  J. H. Levy,et al.  Thermal properties of Australian oil shales: characterization by thermal analysis and infrared spectrophotometry , 1984 .

[13]  B. Schartel,et al.  Flame retardancy mechanisms of aluminium phosphinate in combination with melamine polyphosphate and zinc borate in glass-fibre reinforced polyamide 6,6 , 2007 .

[14]  R. Kuusik,et al.  Thermooxidative decomposition of oil shales , 2011 .

[15]  Xiumin Jiang,et al.  Study on the Characteristics of the Oil Shale and Shale Char Mixture Pyrolysis , 2009 .

[16]  M. Levy,et al.  Interaction of kerogen and mineral matrix of an oil shale in an oxidative atmosphere , 1985 .

[17]  M. Siddiqui,et al.  Use of X-ray diffraction in assessing the aging pattern of asphalt fractions , 2002 .

[18]  L. Ballice.  Effect of demineralization on yield and composition of the volatile products evolved from temperature-programmed pyrolysis of Beypazari (Turkey) Oil Shale , 2005 .

[19]  Xiangxin Han,et al.  Studies of the effect of retorting factors on the yield of shale oil for a new comprehensive utilization technology of oil shale , 2009 .

[20]  T. Kaljuvee,et al.  TG-FTIR study of gaseous compounds evolved at thermooxidation of oil shale , 2004 .

[21]  P. Walker,et al.  Reactivity of heat-treated coals in carbon dioxide at 900 °C , 1975 .

[22]  Xiangxin Han,et al.  Progress and recent utilization trends in combustion of Chinese oil shale , 2007 .

[23]  M. Levy,et al.  Effect of acid dissolution on the mineral matrix and organic matter of Zefa EFE oil shale , 1985 .

[24]  Hiromi Yamashita,et al.  Combustion and CO2 gasification of coals in a wide temperature range , 1993 .

[25]  M. Al-harahsheh,et al.  Effect of demineralization of El-lajjun Jordanian oil shale on oil yield , 2009 .

[26]  Xiangxin Han,et al.  Investigation of Chinese oil shale resources comprehensive utilization performance , 2012 .

[27]  Jiann-Yang Hwang,et al.  Enhancement of flotation performance of oil shale cleaning by ultrasonic treatment , 2009 .

[28]  Xiaoming Huang,et al.  Study on combustion mechanism of asphalt binder by using TG-FTIR technique , 2010 .

[29]  J. Saxby.  Isolation of kerogen in sediments by chemical methods , 1970 .

[30]  Bilal Akash,et al.  Characterization of Shale Oil as Compared to Crude Oil and Some Refined Petroleum Products , 2003 .

[31]  Xiumin Jiang,et al.  A TG–FTIR investigation to the catalytic effect of mineral matrix in oil shale on the pyrolysis and combustion of kerogen , 2013 .

[32]  W. Thomson,et al.  Effects of oil shale mineral composition on char combustion reactions , 1990 .

[33]  K. Kirsimäe,et al.  MINERAL COMPOSITION OF ESTONIAN OIL SHALE SEMI-COKE SEDIMENTS , 2007, Oil Shale.