Who wants to live forever?

For millennia, human civilization has been fascinated with overcoming death. Immortality, eternal youth or at least the prospect of reaching biblical age have had a strong lure for religion, art and popular beliefs. Life after death, which is, in essence, eternal life, is the one central element of nearly all religions since Ancient Egypt. If we believe the Old Testament, some of the patriarchs lived for several hundreds of years. In the medieval ages, the fountain of youth was a popular myth, often illustrated in paintings, such as Lucas Cranach's The Fountain of Youth (Fig 1). And society today has not lost its fascination with immortality, as seen in Hollywood movies such as the Highlander films (1986–2000), The 6th Day (2000) or Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade (1989), and novels such as H. Rider Haggard's She . But for the first time, modern science may provide the knowledge and tools to interfere with the ageing processes and fulfil this age‐old dream. This possibility has triggered an intense debate among scientists and ethicists about the potential of anti‐ageing therapies and their ethical and social consequences. Given that anti‐ageing therapies could dramatically change the social fabric of modern societies, it is quite astonishing that these debates have neglected the views of the larger public. > …intervening in the biological process of ageing is now discussed in the scientific literature as a real future possibility Figure 1. Lucas Cranach d.f. “Der Jungbrunnen” (The Fountain of Youth) 1546, oil on canvas. Courtesy of Staatliche Museen zu Berlin—Preussischer Kulturbesitz, Gemaldegalerie. Photo by Jorg P. Anders. The prospect of halting or at least slowing down the body's ageing processes is not so far‐fetched. Several promising scientific developments may lead to interventions that could extend human life expectancy beyond the longest lifespan observed so far: 122 years, a record …