An Energy Aware WSN Geographic Routing Protocol

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) consist of small nodes with sensing, computation, and wireless communications capabilities. Many routing, power management, and data dissemination protocols have been specially designed for WSNs. The focus has been given to the routing protocols which might differ depending on the application and network architecture. In this paper, we propose an energy efficient data forwarding protocol called Energy Aware Geographic Routing Protocol (EAGRP) for wireless sensor networks to extend the life time of the network. In EAGRP, both position information and energy are available at nodes used to route packets from sources to destination. This will prolong the lifetime of the sensor nodes; hence the network life time and thus get higher packet delivery ratio and minimal compromise of energy efficiency. The proposed protocol is an efficient and energy conservative routing technique for multi-hop wireless sensor networks. The routing design of EAGRP is based on two parameters: location and energy levels of nodes. Each node knows the location and energy level of its neighbors. The performance measures have been analyzed with variable number of nodes. Our simulation results indicate that the proposed algorithm gives better performance in terms of higher packet delivery ratio, delay, and energy consumption. KeywordsWireless Sensor Networks; Energy efficient; Position information; Routing protocol.