Design and Operation of Very Slow Speed Generators for a Bristol Cylinder Sea Wave Generating Device

This paper describes the operation of a direct-drive brushless generator for a Bristol Cylinder ocean wave device. This is a very low-speed device; thus, the pole number and diameter are very large. Although the machine may be large, its pole pitch and axial length is low. The application is described and simulated using analytical and finite-element analysis techniques. A 248-pole design with surface rotor magnets is developed with both surface and slotted windings. An analysis of the control is put forward.

[1]  Abdesselam Chikhi,et al.  A Comparative Study of Field-Oriented Control and Direct-Torque Control of Induction Motors Using An Adaptive Flux Observer , 2010 .

[2]  A. Benalia,et al.  Ocean wave converters: State of the art and current status , 2010, 2010 IEEE International Energy Conference.

[3]  S. Hiti,et al.  Maximum torque-per-ampere control of a saturated surface-mounted permanent magnet motor , 2002, 2002 IEEE 33rd Annual IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference. Proceedings (Cat. No.02CH37289).

[4]  Kenneth Rhinefrank,et al.  Novel ocean energy permanent magnet linear generator buoy , 2006 .

[5]  Janne Nerg,et al.  AC Resistance Factor of Litz-Wire Windings Used in Low-Voltage High-Power Generators , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[6]  David G. Dorrell Combined Thermal and Electromagnetic Analysis of Permanent-Magnet and Induction Machines to Aid Calculation , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[7]  David G. Dorrell Permanent magnet generators for renewable energy devices with wide speed range and pulsating power delivery , 2009, Int. J. Comput. Appl. Technol..

[8]  Keyue Smedley,et al.  One-cycle control of PMSG for wind power generation , 2009, 2009 IEEE Power Electronics and Machines in Wind Applications.

[9]  Kazumi Kurihara,et al.  Effects of cage-bars for stability of circumferentially magnetized permanent-magnet synchronous generators , 2010, 2010 International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems.

[10]  Mukhtiar Singh,et al.  Control of PMSG based variable speed wind-battery hybrid system in an isolated network , 2009, 2009 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting.

[11]  H. Karmaker,et al.  Short-Circuit Analysis of Permanent-Magnet Generators , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications.

[12]  M. Hughes,et al.  National-scale wave energy resource assessment for Australia , 2010 .

[13]  António F.O. Falcão,et al.  Wave energy utilization: A review of the technologies , 2010 .

[14]  Michael G. Egan,et al.  Development of an electrical power take off system for a sea-test scaled offshore wave energy device , 2011 .

[15]  M. Leijon,et al.  Design proposal of electrical system for linear generator wave power plants , 2009, 2009 35th Annual Conference of IEEE Industrial Electronics.

[16]  D. V. Evans,et al.  Submerged cylinder wave energy device: theory and experiment , 1979 .

[17]  Willie Jones Update - Ocean Power Catches a Wave , 2008, IEEE Spectrum.

[18]  D. G. Dorrell,et al.  Control of a Bristol cylinder for wave energy generation , 2010, The 2010 International Power Electronics Conference - ECCE ASIA -.

[19]  P.E. Mercado,et al.  A new control strategy of variable speed wind turbine generator for three-phase grid-connected applications , 2008, 2008 IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition: Latin America.

[20]  D. G. Dorrell,et al.  Comparison of permanent magnet generators for a very low speed renewable energy application , 2012, 2012 XXth International Conference on Electrical Machines.

[21]  N. J. Baker,et al.  Direct drive wave energy converters , 2001 .

[22]  M. S. Merzoug,et al.  Comparison of Field-Oriented Control and Direct Torque Control for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) , 2008 .

[23]  Ling Xu,et al.  Conventional and novel control designs for direct driven PMSG wind turbines , 2010 .

[24]  Z. Zhou,et al.  Permanent magnet generator control and electrical system configuration for Wave Dragon MW wave energy take-off system , 2008, 2008 IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics.

[25]  Jens Peter Kofoed,et al.  Crest Level Optimization of the Multi Level Overtopping based Wave Energy Converter Seawave Slot-Cone Generator , 2005 .

[26]  P. McIver,et al.  Wave-power absorption by a line of submerged horizontal cylinders , 1995 .

[27]  Matthew Folley,et al.  The design of small seabed-mounted bottom-hinged wave energy converters , 2007 .

[28]  Rieghard Vermaak,et al.  Grid-connected VSC-HVDC wind farm system and control using permanent magnet induction generators , 2009, 2009 International Conference on Power Electronics and Drive Systems (PEDS).

[29]  C. Cossar,et al.  Comparison of High Pole Number Ultra-Low Speed Generator Designs Using Slotted and Air-Gap Windings , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Magnetics.

[30]  A. F. de O. Falcão,et al.  First-Generation Wave Power Plants: Current Status and R&D Requirements , 2004 .