Mosaic in Senna occidentalis in southern Brazil induced by a new strain of Soybean mosaic virus

Plantas de Senna occidentalis (sin. Cassia occidentalis) com sintomas de mosaico foram coletadas proximas a plantas de soja (Glycine max), com sintomas de mosaico e formacao de bolhas no limbo foliar. Amostras dessas plantas foram analisadas por microscopia eletronica constatando-se a ocorrencia de inclusoes citoplasmaticas tipo catavento e particulas flexuosas e alongadas, indicando a presenca de potyvirus. Estudos adicionais com hospedeiras diferenciais, sorologia e sequencia de aminoacidos demonstraram que o virus era similar ao virus do mosaico comum da soja (Soybean mosaic virus, SMV). Este isolado, designado SMV-Soc, foi capaz de infetar plantas de girassol (Helianthus annuus), normalmente nao infetada pelo SMV. Um fragmento de aproximadamente 1.9 kb, correspondendo a porcao 3' do RNA viral (parte da regiao codificadora da proteina Nib, toda a CP e a 3'NTR) foi amplificado via PCR, clonado e sequenciado. A sequencia do gene da capa proteica do SMV-Soc apresentou 98% de identidade com isolados brasileiros do SMV (SMV-B, SMV-L e SMV-FT10). A identidade de nucleotideos da regiao 3'-NTR foi de 91, 98 e 99% em relacao aos isolados SMVL, SMV-B E SMV-FT10, respectivamente. De acordo com esses resultados o isolado obtido de S. occidentalis foi considerado uma estirpe do SMV, grupo G5 e denominado SMV-Soc. Este e o primeiro relato da ocorrencia natural do SMV em plantas dessa especie e indica seu potencial como hospedeira natural deste virus, no Brasil.

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