Multisensory and secondary somatosensory cortex in the rat.

The function of secondary somatosensory (SII) cortex is poorly understood, but there is evidence to suggest that one of its roles may be in multisensory integration. This study used high-resolution field potential mapping coupled with laminar field potential and multiunit recording to examine the association between SII and multisensory (auditory-somatosensory) cortex in the rat. We demonstrate that while there is spatial overlap between unisensory areas of SII and multisensory regions, particularly for representations of the trunk and hind limbs, they form distinct somatotopic maps. We propose that multisensory cortex be considered functionally distinct from SII, and that SII may be more concerned with unisensory processing tasks.

[1]  C. Woolsey,et al.  Contralateral, ipsilateral, and bilateral representation of cutaneous receptors in somatic areas I and II of the cerebral cortex of pig, sheep, and other mammals. , 1946, Surgery.

[2]  C. Woolsey,et al.  Somatic afferent areas I and II of dog's cerebral cortex. , 1956, Journal of neurophysiology.

[3]  C. Woolsey,et al.  Sensory and motor localization in cerebral cortex of porcupine (Erethizon dorsatum). , 1956, Journal of neurophysiology.

[4]  W. Welker,et al.  Somatic receiving areas of cerebral cortex of squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus). , 1957, Journal of neurophysiology.

[5]  H. Harlow,et al.  The History and Philosophy of Knowledge of the Brain and its Functions , 1960, Neurology.

[6]  A. L. Berman.  Overlap of somatic and auditory cortical response fields in anterior ectosylvian gyrus of cat. , 1961, Journal of neurophysiology.

[7]  A. L. Berman.  Interaction of cortical responses to somatic and auditory stimuli in anterior ectosylvian gyrus of cat. , 1961, Journal of neurophysiology.

[8]  M. Carreras,et al.  Functional properties of neurons of the anterior ectosylvian gyrus of the cat. , 1963, Journal of neurophysiology.

[9]  R A LENDE,et al.  Sensory representation in the cerebral cortex of the opossum (Didelphis virginiana) , 1963, The Journal of comparative neurology.

[10]  Woolsey Ta.  Somatosensory, auditory and visual cortical areas of the mouse. , 1967 .

[11]  T A Woolsey,et al.  Somatosensory, auditory and visual cortical areas of the mouse. , 1967, The Johns Hopkins medical journal.

[12]  W. C. Hall,et al.  Evolution of neocortex. , 1969, Science.

[13]  T. M. Walsh,et al.  A study of the organization of apical dendrites in the somatic sensory cortex of the rat , 1972, The Journal of comparative neurology.

[14]  A. Iggo,et al.  Somatosensory System , 1973 .

[15]  H. Killackey,et al.  Differential telencephalic projections of the medial and ventral divisions of the medial geniculate body of the rat. , 1974, Brain research.

[16]  W. Welker,et al.  Comparisons between brains of a large and a small hystricomorph rodent: capybara, Hydrochoerus and guinea pig, Cavia; neocortical projection regions and measurements of brain subdivisions. , 1976, Brain, behavior and evolution.

[17]  B. H. Pubols.  The second somatic sensory area (smII) of opossum neocortex , 1977, The Journal of comparative neurology.

[18]  J. I. Johnson,et al.  Somatic sensory cortical regions of the agouti, Dasyprocta aguti. , 1980, Brain, behavior and evolution.

[19]  H. Burton,et al.  Second somatic sensory area in the cerebral cortex of cats: Somatotopic organization and cytoarchitecture , 1982, The Journal of comparative neurology.

[20]  H. R. Clemo,et al.  Organization of a fourth somatosensory area of cortex in cat. , 1983, Journal of neurophysiology.

[21]  J. Winer,et al.  The medial division of the medial geniculate body of the cat: implications for thalamic organization , 1983, The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience.

[22]  D. Simons,et al.  Somatotopic organization of the second somatosensory area (SII) in the cerebral cortex of the mouse. , 1986, Somatosensory research.

[23]  J. Kaas,et al.  Microelectrode maps, myeloarchitecture, and cortical connections of three somatotopically organized representations of the body surface in the parietal cortex of squirrels , 1986, The Journal of comparative neurology.

[24]  Thalamic projections to the second and fourth somesthetic areas in the anterior ectosylvian gyrus of the cat. , 1987, Journal fur Hirnforschung.

[25]  M. O'connor,et al.  Motor areas of the cerebral cortex , 1987 .

[26]  E. G. Jones.  Cerebral Cortex , 1987, Cerebral Cortex.

[27]  J. Winer,et al.  Patterns of reciprocity in auditory thalamocortical and corticothalamic connections: Study with horseradish peroxidase and autoradiographic methods in the rat medial geniculate body , 1987, The Journal of comparative neurology.

[28]  L. Krubitzer,et al.  Thalamic connections of three representations of the body surface in somatosensory cortex of gray squirrels , 1987, The Journal of comparative neurology.

[29]  Maurice M. Tatsuoka,et al.  Multivariate Analysis of Variance , 1988 .

[30]  B E Stein,et al.  Nociceptive neurons in rat superior colliculus: response properties, topography, and functional implications. , 1989, Journal of neurophysiology.

[31]  M. Roger,et al.  Ventral temporal cortex in the rat: Connections of secondary auditory areas Te2 and Te3 , 1990, The Journal of comparative neurology.

[32]  Mara Fabri,et al.  Ipsilateral cortical connections of primary somatic sensory cortex in rats , 1991, The Journal of comparative neurology.

[33]  L. Krubitzer,et al.  Five topographically organized fields in the somatosensory cortex of the flying fox: Microelectrode maps, myeloarchitecture, and cortical modules , 1992, The Journal of comparative neurology.

[34]  Linda Watkins,et al.  A horseradish peroxidase study of parallel thalamocortical projections responsible for the generation of mid-latency auditory-evoked potentials , 1994, Brain Research.

[35]  J. Kaas,et al.  Topography, architecture, and connections of somatosensory cortex in opossums: Evidence for five somatosensory areas , 1996, The Journal of comparative neurology.

[36]  Leah Krubitzer,et al.  Organization of sensory cortex in a Madagascan insectivore, the tenrec (Echinops telfairi) , 1997, The Journal of comparative neurology.

[37]  J. Kaas,et al.  Organization of sensory cortex in the East African hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris) , 2000, The Journal of comparative neurology.

[38]  Jeffery A Winer,et al.  A multisensory zone in rat parietotemporal cortex: Intra‐ and extracellular physiology and thalamocortical connections , 2003, The Journal of comparative neurology.

[39]  M. Remple,et al.  Organization of somatosensory cortex in the laboratory rat (Rattus norvegicus): Evidence for two lateral areas joined at the representation of the teeth , 2003, The Journal of comparative neurology.

[40]  D. Barth,et al.  Two distinct regions of secondary somatosensory cortex in the rat: topographical organization and multisensory responses. , 2004, Journal of neurophysiology.

[41]  H. R. Clemo,et al.  Cross-modal circuitry between auditory and somatosensory areas of the cat anterior ectosylvian sulcal cortex: a 'new' inhibitory form of multisensory convergence. , 2004, Cerebral cortex.

[42]  Jon H Kaas,et al.  Anatomical and functional organization of somatosensory areas of the lateral fissure of the New World titi monkey (Callicebus moloch) , 2004, The Journal of comparative neurology.

[43]  F. Reinoso-suárez,et al.  Topographical organization of the thalamic projections to the cortex of the anterior ectosylvian sulcus in the cat , 2004, Experimental Brain Research.

[44]  Anatomical and functional organization of somatosensory areas in the lateral fissure of New World titi monkey , 2004 .

[45]  M. Wallace,et al.  A revised view of sensory cortical parcellation , 2004, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.