The impact of manufacturing errors of domain structure on frequency doubling efficiency in PPLN waveguides

While the length of polarization period in the periodically poled (PP) waveguides has manufacturing errors (MEs), the impact of this errors on Quasi-Phase-Macthed (QPM) frequency doubling efficiency (FDE), and that of polarization period Λ0 and length of the waveguides at the direction of transmission beams on ME tolerance, which are all theoretically analyzed. The results show that with the ME increasing, FDE decreases rapidly. And the ME tolerance of PP waveguides is inversely proportional to the length of waveguides and is directly proportional to the polarization period Λ0. These results provide a theoretical basis for choosing material of periodically poled crystal (PPC) and controlling MEs.