Governance Decisions in the R&D Process: An Integrative Framework Based on TCT and Know-ledge View of The Firm.

In this paper we analyze boundary decisions in the R&D value chain. To do so, we develop a theoretical framework based on TCT that maintaining the assumption of minimization of production and transaction costs integrates the contributions of other alternative paradigms. Specifically, we argue that: (i) the main drivers of outsourcing in emerging countries would be the R&D service labor intensity and the degree to which firm-specific knowledge is required to perform the service, and (ii) whereas asset specificity is not necessarily an obstacle to organize these services through alliances, firm-knowledge specificity would lead to integration of the R&D service.

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