A comparison of the osmotic activation of basophils and human lung mast cells.

Basophils and mast cells release histamine in hyperosmolar environments. Osmotic release differs significantly from IgE-dependent activation and may be important in the pathophysiology of anaphylactoid reactions during intravenous infusions of hyperosmolar radiocontrast dyes and of obstructive attacks suffered by asthmatics after exercise. To confirm reported differences in osmotic activation of basophils and lung mast cells, the process was compared systematically in the 2 cell types. Both cells were activated by hyperosmolar mannitol, glucose, sucrose, and NaCl, but histamine release from basophils rose sharply to a maximum at 1,050 mOsm/kg, whereas mast cells released maximally at 700 to 750 mOsm/kg. Release was partially Ca2+-dependent in basophils but was highly Ca2+-dependent in mast cells. Release in mast cells was rapid and essentially complete by 5 min, whereas 45 to 60 min were required in basophils. The temperature optimum in both cell types was 32 degrees C, and release in both was enhanced by drugs that increase intracellular cAMP (PGE2, IBMX, and db cAMP). We conclude that osmotic activation of basophils and mast cells is a nontoxic process that differs significantly from IgE-dependent histamine release. If it does indeed participate in the pathophysiology of human disease, different treatment strategies will be required to modulate this contribution.

[1]  A. Togias,et al.  Nasal challenge with cold, dry air results in release of inflammatory mediators. Possible mast cell involvement. , 1985, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[2]  H. Boushey,et al.  Alteration in osmolarity of inhaled aerosols cause bronchoconstriction and cough, but absence of a permeant anion causes cough alone. , 1984, The American review of respiratory disease.

[3]  A. Kagey‐Sobotka,et al.  Interaction between hyperosmolar and IgE-mediated histamine release from basophils and mast cells. , 1984, The American review of respiratory disease.

[4]  D. Conrad,et al.  Biochemical analysis of initial triggering events of IgE-mediated histamine release from human lung mast cells. , 1983, Journal of immunology.

[5]  E. Crandall,et al.  Heteropore populations of bullfrog alveolar epithelium. , 1983, Journal of applied physiology: respiratory, environmental and exercise physiology.

[6]  S. Peters,et al.  Human lung mast cells: purification and characterization. , 1982, Journal of immunology.

[7]  S. Peters,et al.  Dispersed human lung mast cells. Pharmacologic aspects and comparison with human lung tissue fragments. , 1982, The American review of respiratory disease.

[8]  E. Middleton,et al.  Quercetin: an inhibitor of antigen-induced human basophil histamine release. , 1981, Journal of immunology.

[9]  W. Hook,et al.  Influence of anions, cations and osmolarity on IgE-mediated histamine release from human basophils. , 1981, Immunology.

[10]  A. Kagey‐Sobotka,et al.  Hyperosmolar triggering of histamine release from human basophils. , 1981, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[11]  J. Gatzy,et al.  Regional differences in airway surface liquid composition. , 1981, Journal of applied physiology: respiratory, environmental and exercise physiology.

[12]  L. Lichtenstein,et al.  Release of histamine from human leukocytes stimulated with the tumor-promoting phorbol diesters. I. Characterization of the response. , 1981, Journal of immunology.

[13]  G. Toniolo,et al.  Adverse reactions to contrast media: a report from the Committee on Safety of Contrast Media of the International Society of Radiology. , 1980, Radiology.

[14]  F. Crews,et al.  Concanavalin A stimulates phospholipid methylation and phosphatidylserine decarboxylation in rat mast cells. , 1979, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[15]  J. Stiff,et al.  Hypotension and Respiratory Distress Caused by Rapid Infusion of Mannitol or Hypertonic Saline , 1979, Anesthesia and analgesia.

[16]  P. Paré,et al.  The number and distribution of mast cells in monkey lungs. , 1979, The American review of respiratory disease.

[17]  P. Lieberman,et al.  Anaphylactoid reactions to iodinated contrast material. , 1978, The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology.

[18]  E. R. Mcfadden,et al.  Influence of heat and humidity on the airway obstruction induced by exercise in asthma. , 1978, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[19]  J. Hendley,et al.  Histamine in nasal secretions. , 1978, International archives of allergy and applied immunology.

[20]  P. Eggleston,et al.  A standardized method of evaluating exercise-induced asthma. , 1976, The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology.

[21]  H. Gilbert,et al.  Basophil counting with a new staining method using alcian blue. , 1975, Blood.

[22]  L. Lichtenstein,et al.  The mechanism of basophil histamine release induced by antigen and by the calcium ionophore A23187. , 1975, Journal of immunology.

[23]  J. Gatzy.  Ion transport across the excised bullfrog lung. , 1975, The American journal of physiology.

[24]  R. Siraganian.  An automated continuous-flow system for the extraction and fluorometric analysis of histamine. , 1974, Analytical biochemistry.

[25]  R. Patterson,et al.  Respiratory mast cells and basophiloid cells. I. Evidence that they are secreted into the bronchial lumen, morphology, degranulation and histamine release. , 1974, Clinical and experimental immunology.

[26]  R. Case,et al.  The relationship between calcium exchange and enzyme secretion in the isolated rat pancreas , 1973, The Journal of physiology.

[27]  L. Lichtenstein,et al.  Histamine release from human leukocytes: studies with deuterium oxide, colchicine, and cytochalasin B. , 1972, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[28]  F. Kregenow.  The Response of Duck Erythrocytes to Hypertonic Media , 1971, The Journal of General Physiology.

[29]  J. Orloff,et al.  The Effect of Norepinephrine and Dibutyryl Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate on Cation Transport in Duck Erythrocytes , 1971, The Journal of general physiology.

[30]  J. L. Potter,et al.  Studies on pulmonary secretions. II. Osmolality and the ionic environment of pulmonary secretions from patients with cystic fibrosis, bronchiectasis, and laryngectomy. , 1967, The American review of respiratory disease.

[31]  A. Taylor,et al.  Permeability of the Alveolar Membrane to Solutes , 1965, Circulation research.

[32]  J. R. Blinks.  Influence of osmotic strength on cross‐section and volume of isolated single muscle fibres , 1965, The Journal of physiology.