Influence of External Environments on Outstanding Scientists and Technicians -- A Case Study for the Chinese Meritorious Scientists Group for qTwo Bombs and One Satelliteq

By using the research method of collective biography for sociology of science, this paper reviews literatures and researches from the 23 meritorious scientist group for "two bombs and one satellite", trying to discuss the growth environment and the success regulation for these Scientists. The research find out that external environment can influence them. ‘Four excellent environments’ are important: the impact of the advantageous geographical culture, the influence from an enlightened family, the cultivation of outstanding university and counselors and the existence of appropriate research environment. Keywords—outstanding scientists and technicians; Two bombs and one satellite; meritorious scientist; ‘four excellent environments’