OPTIMAL CHOICE OF GENERIC MILK ADVERTISING EXPENDITURES BY MEDIA OUTLET

The largest portion of dairy and milk checkoff funds is spent on generic fluid milk advertising. These funds are distributed among four distinct media outlets-television, radio, print, and outdoor. Spending too little on one media outlet or too much on another constitutes a missed opportunity to garner higher returns. Using 1984-93 data, this study compares historical advertising expenditures in each media outlet to the advertising expenditure decision of an optimal control model. Results show profits would have increased if funds had been reallocated from television to radio, print, and outdoor media outlets.

[1]  J. Lee,et al.  Lag structures in commodity advertising research , 1992 .

[2]  Donald J. Liu,et al.  Optimal Control of Generic Fluid Milk Advertising Expenditures , 1990 .

[3]  J. P. Gould,et al.  Diffusion Processes and Optimal Advertising Policy , 1976 .

[4]  Donald J. Liu,et al.  Generic Fluid Milk Advertising, Demand Expansion, and Supply Response: The Case of New York City , 1988 .

[5]  Harry M. Kaiser,et al.  Impact of Generic Advertising for Fluid Milk on Demand for Whole, Lowfat, and Skim Milks , 1996 .

[6]  S. Thompson,et al.  Determinants of Milk Advertising Effectiveness , 1977 .

[7]  Bruce L. Dixon,et al.  Effectiveness of Fluid Milk Advertising Since the Dairy and Tobacco Adjustment Act of 1983 , 1989 .

[8]  H. Kinnucan Effect of Canadian Advertising on MilK Demand: The Case of the Buffalo, New York Market , 1987 .

[9]  H. Kinnucan,et al.  OPTIMAL MEDIA ALLOCATION DECISIONS FOR GENERIC ADVERTISERS , 1997 .

[10]  H. Kinnucan,et al.  Seasonality in the Consumer Response to Milk Advertising with Implications for Milk Promotion Policy , 1986 .

[11]  T. Addison EMPLOYMENT AND EARNINGS , 1993, Patterns of Development in Latin America.

[12]  K. Arrow,et al.  OPTIMAL ADVERTISING POLICY UNDER DYNAMIC CONDITIONS , 1962 .

[13]  M. L. Vidale,et al.  An Operations-Research Study of Sales Response to Advertising , 1957 .

[14]  E. Goddard,et al.  Optimal Producer Investment in Generic Advertising: The Case of Fluid Milk in Ontario and Quebec , 1993 .

[15]  M. Wohlgenant,et al.  Development and Measurement of Farm-to-Retail Price Linkage for Evaluating Dairy Advertising Effectiveness , 1992 .

[16]  W. James,et al.  Commodity Advertising and Promotion , 1992 .

[17]  H. Kinnucan Demographic Versus Media Advertising Effects on Milk Demand: The Case of the New York City Market , 1986 .

[18]  O. Capps,et al.  Effect of Generic Advertising on the Demand for Fluid Milk: The Case of the Texas Market Order , 1991, Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics.