Sulfonated polyHIPE/nanoclay composites with hierarchically porous structure for efficient removal of endocrine‐disrupting hormone from aqueous solution

The objective of this study is the synthesis of macroporous polystyrene‐based polyHIPE/nanoclay (p[HIPE]/NClay) monoliths and post‐functionalization of the monoliths through sulfonation to improve the structural and textural properties as well as adsorption performances toward bisphenol A (BPA) as an endocrine‐disrupting chemical. The adsorption tests were conducted with raw p(HIPE), nanoclay, p(HIPE)/NClay, and sulfonated samples in order to obtain insights in the adsorption mechanism. The synergy between clay embedding and sulfonation resulted in higher BPA removal performance of p(HIPE)/NClay@S sample (96% removal) when compared with the raw polyHIPE (52% removal). The adsorption efficiency was mainly attributed to the functionality, followed by porosity and hydrophilicity of the as‐synthesized materials. Considering the roles of hydrophobic, hydrogen‐bonding, and π–π stacking interactions, the adsorption mechanism was discussed by using X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. Moreover, the experimental parameters including solution pH, co‐existing anions, ionic strength, and temperature were investigated in detail. The adsorption data were fitted to isotherm and kinetic models. The composite adsorbents also displayed excellent regeneration and stability until the fifth cycle. This research provides fresh insights into the effective adsorptive removal of endocrine‐disrupting hormones by sulfonated porous nanoclay‐polymer monoliths.

[1]  Siqi Wang,et al.  Lacunary Polyoxometalates @ ZIF for Ultradeep Pb(II) Adsorption , 2022, Chemical Engineering Science.

[2]  C. Feng,et al.  Enhanced adsorption selectivity of bisphenol analogues by tuning the functional groups of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) , 2022, Separation and Purification Technology.

[3]  M. Ogawa,et al.  Interactions of layered clay minerals with water-soluble polymers; structural design and functions , 2022, Applied Clay Science.

[4]  Yan Wu,et al.  Construction of stable beta-cyclodextrin grafted polypropylene nonwoven fabrics for the adsorption of bisphenol A , 2022, Radiation Physics and Chemistry.

[5]  B. Zu,et al.  Nanoplastic adsorption characteristics of bisphenol A: The roles of pH, metal ions, and suspended sediments. , 2022, Marine pollution bulletin.

[6]  Zhong-lin Chen,et al.  Simultaneous removal of atrazine and heavy metal ions using sulfonated polymeric microspheres through an adsorptive filtration process: Insights into the synergistic and competitive adsorption , 2022, Journal of Cleaner Production.

[7]  Wei Dong,et al.  Sulfonated Tetraphenylethylene Polymers with Negative Charges for High-capacity Removal of Organic Dyes from Waste Water , 2022, Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects.

[8]  Guixiang Quan,et al.  Wheat straw derived biochar with hierarchically porous structure for bisphenol A removal: Preparation, characterization, and adsorption properties , 2022, Separation and Purification Technology.

[9]  Wei Wang,et al.  Efficient dye removal using fixed-bed process based on porous montmorillonite nanosheet/poly(acrylamide-co-acrylic acid)/sodium alginate hydrogel beads , 2022, Applied Clay Science.

[10]  Tariq J. Al-Musawi,et al.  Preparation of multi-walled carbon nanotubes coated with CoFe2O4 nanoparticles and their adsorption performance for Bisphenol A compound , 2022, Advanced Powder Technology.

[11]  Q. Huang,et al.  Roles of hydrogen bond and ion bridge in adsorption of two bisphenols onto montmorillonite: an experimental and DFT study , 2022, Applied Clay Science.

[12]  T. Qiu,et al.  Selective adsorption towards heavy metal ions on the green synthesized polythiophene/MnO2 with a synergetic effect , 2022, Journal of Cleaner Production.

[13]  B. Ni,et al.  Three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence approach to probing the binding interactions of polystyrene microplastics to bisphenol A , 2022, Journal of Hazardous Materials Advances.

[14]  Gongying Wang,et al.  The effect of modifying group on the acid properties and catalytic performance of sulfonated mesoporous polydivinylbenzene solid acid in the Bisphenol-A synthesis reaction , 2022, Reactive & functional polymers.

[15]  Jianping Deng,et al.  Polyamide foams prepared by solution foaming approach and their adsorption property towards bisphenol A , 2022, Microporous and Mesoporous Materials.

[16]  Zhentao Li,et al.  Facile synthesis of novel multifunctional β-cyclodextrin microporous organic network and application in efficient removal of bisphenol A from water. , 2021, Carbohydrate polymers.

[17]  Hongbing Ji,et al.  Synergistic dual-functionalities of starch-grafted-styrene hydrophilic porous resin for efficiently removing bisphenols from wastewater , 2022, Chemical Engineering Journal.

[18]  Advanced Functional Porous Materials: From Macro to Nano Scale Lengths , 2022, Engineering Materials.

[19]  E. R. Rene,et al.  Design and preparation of functional azo linked polymers for the adsorptive removal of bisphenol A from water: Performance and analysis of the mechanism. , 2021, Environmental research.

[20]  M. Silverstein,et al.  β‐Cyclodextrin‐based macroporous monoliths: One‐pot oil‐in‐oil emulsion templating and adsorption , 2021, Journal of Polymer Science.

[21]  M. Vieira,et al.  Adsorption of bisphenol A from aqueous solution onto organoclay: Experimental design, kinetic, equilibrium and thermodynamic study , 2021, Powder Technology.

[22]  M. Farias,et al.  Fixed-bed adsorption of bisphenol A onto organoclay: Characterisation, mathematical modelling and theoretical calculation of DFT-based chemical descriptors , 2021 .

[23]  E. Restrepo‐Parra,et al.  Incorporation of P5+ and P3− from phosphate precursor in TiO2:P coatings produced by PEO: XPS and DFT study , 2021 .

[24]  D. Das,et al.  Embedding low–cost 1D and 2D iron pillared nanoclay to enhance the stability of polyethersulfone membranes for the removal of bisphenol A from water , 2021, Separation and Purification Technology.

[25]  Yaping Zhao,et al.  Insight into the characteristics and sorption behaviors of aged polystyrene microplastics through three type of accelerated oxidation processes. , 2020, Journal of hazardous materials.

[26]  Min Jang,et al.  Aqueous adsorption of bisphenol A over a porphyrinic porous organic polymer. , 2020, Chemosphere.

[27]  K. Sasaki,et al.  Synthesis and characterization of imidazole-bearing polymer-modified montmorillonite for adsorption of perchlorate , 2020 .

[28]  J. Santos,et al.  Biopolymer-clay nanocomposites as novel and ecofriendly adsorbents for environmental remediation , 2020 .

[29]  H. H. Mert,et al.  Preparation of polyHIPE nanocomposites: Revealing the influence of experimental parameters with the help of experimental design approach , 2020 .

[30]  Ali D. Ali,et al.  Sulfonated polyindole coated magnetic zincoxysulfide (Ni@ZnO0.6S0.4@SPID) core/shell nanocatalyst for simultaneous photocatalytic H2 production and BPA degradation , 2020 .

[31]  F. Rastrelli,et al.  Effect of the Sulfonation on the Swollen State Morphology of Styrenic Cross-Linked Polymers , 2020, Polymers.

[32]  Yonghui Song,et al.  Adsorption and recovery of phosphate from water by amine fiber, effects of co-existing ions and column filtration. , 2020, Journal of environmental sciences.

[33]  Y. Ok,et al.  Clay-polymer nanocomposites: Progress and challenges for use in sustainable water treatment. , 2020, Journal of hazardous materials.

[34]  C. Tarley,et al.  Bisphenol A adsorption in aqueous medium by investigating organic and inorganic components of hybrid polymer (polyvinylpyridine/SiO2/APTMS) , 2019, Chemical Engineering Journal.

[35]  Wei Zhang,et al.  Insights into thermodynamic mechanisms driving bisphenol A (BPA) binding to extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) of activated sludge. , 2019, The Science of the total environment.

[36]  Yongjing Wang,et al.  Synthesis of sulfonated polystyrene sphere based magnesium silicate and its selective removal for bisphenol A , 2019, Surfaces and Interfaces.

[37]  Md Ariful Ahsan,et al.  Biomass conversion of saw dust to a functionalized carbonaceous materials for the removal of Tetracycline, Sulfamethoxazole and Bisphenol A from water , 2018, Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering.

[38]  Yael G. Mishael,et al.  Polycyclodextrin-Clay Composites: Regenerable Dual-Site Sorbents for Bisphenol A Removal from Treated Wastewater. , 2018, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[39]  C. Ye,et al.  Fabrication of three functionalized silica adsorbents: Impact of co-immobilization of imidazole, phenyl and long-chain alkyl groups on bisphenol A adsorption from high salt aqueous solutions , 2018 .

[40]  A. Singh,et al.  Sodium caseinate-starch-modified montmorillonite based biodegradable film: Laboratory food extruder assisted exfoliation and characterization , 2018 .

[41]  E. Şimşek,et al.  Carbon fiber embedded chitosan/PVA composites for decontamination of endocrine disruptor bisphenol-A from water , 2017 .

[42]  S. M. Ghoreishi,et al.  Hydrophobic magnetic montmorillonite composite material for the efficient adsorption and microextraction of bisphenol A from water samples , 2016 .

[43]  M. Krekeler,et al.  Adsorption of bisphenol A and ciprofloxacin by palygorskite-montmorillonite: Effect of granule size, solution chemistry and temperature , 2016 .

[44]  E. H. Mert,et al.  Preparation of porous polyester composites via emulsion templating: Investigation of the morphological, mechanical, and thermal properties , 2016 .

[45]  Zhimei Wei,et al.  Preparation of polyethersulfone/sulfonated polyethersulfonephenylethane microspheres and its application for the adsorption of bisphenol A , 2016 .

[46]  Qian-Yuan Wu,et al.  Matrix-enhanced adsorption removal of trace BPA by controlling the interlayer hydrophobic environment of montmorillonite , 2015 .

[47]  E. Şimşek,et al.  Equilibrium arsenic adsorption onto metallic oxides : Isotherm models, error analysis and removal mechanism , 2014, Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering.

[48]  A. Mockovčiaková,et al.  Influence of ultrasound irradiation on cadmium cations adsorption by montmorillonite , 2014 .

[49]  Zhimei Wei,et al.  Porous Electrospun PES/PEG Ultrafine Fibers for the Removal of Endocrine Disruptors , 2013 .

[50]  T Prabhakar Clement,et al.  A modified Langmuir-Freundlich isotherm model for simulating pH-dependent adsorption effects. , 2012, Journal of contaminant hydrology.

[51]  M. Fathy,et al.  Cation exchange resin nanocomposites based on multi-walled carbon nanotubes , 2012, Applied Nanoscience.

[52]  A. Barbetta,et al.  Morphology and Surface Area of Emulsion-Derived (PolyHIPE) Solid Foams Prepared with Oil-Phase Soluble Porogenic Solvents: Span 80 as Surfactant , 2004 .