Hotter Cements, Cooler Concretes

Many things have changed in the concrete industry during the past fifty years, including the basic characteristics of the portland cement that is the main component of its binder phase. In general, phase composition, fineness, and alkali levels have each changed in a manner that results in higher early strengths and higher early-age heat generation (so-called “hotter cements”). The objective of this paper is not only to examine trends in cement production, but also to provide practical solutions to producing “cooler concretes” with “hotter cements.”

[1]  K. Horai,et al.  Thermal conductivity of rock‐forming minerals , 1971 .

[2]  R. Breitenbücher,et al.  Investigation of thermal cracking with the cracking-frame , 1990 .

[3]  Dale P. Bentz,et al.  Blending different fineness cements to engineer the properties of cement-based materials , 2010 .

[4]  Ds Lane.  Thermal Properties of Aggregates , 1994 .

[5]  Jin-keun Kim,et al.  An experimental study on thermal conductivity of concrete , 2003 .

[6]  P. Taylor,et al.  Understanding Cement-SCM-Admixture Interaction Issues , 2007 .

[7]  Bryant Mather,et al.  Use Less Cement , 1980 .

[8]  J. Leroy Hulsey,et al.  Prediction of the Thermal Coefficientof Expansion of Concrete , 1977 .

[9]  M. Juenger,et al.  Effects of Liquid Nitrogen Cooling on Fresh Concrete Properties , 2010 .

[10]  David A. Crocker,et al.  Better Pavements through Internal Hydration , 2007 .

[11]  Joseph F. Lamond,et al.  Significance of Tests and Properties of Concrete and Concrete-Making Materials , 1994 .

[12]  Kwame Sakyi-Bekoe,et al.  Assessment of the Coefficient of Thermal Expansion of Alabama Concrete , 2008 .

[13]  H. Vosteen,et al.  Influence of temperature on thermal conductivity, thermal capacity and thermal diffusivity for different types of rock , 2003 .

[14]  Hamid Farzam,et al.  Interaction of Materials Used in Concrete , 2006 .

[15]  D. Bentz,et al.  Limestone Fillers Conserve Cement; Part 1: An analysis based on Powers’ model , 2009 .

[16]  K. Folliard,et al.  Hydration Study of Cementitious Materials using Semi-Adiabatic Calorimetry , 2007, "SP-241: Concrete Heat Development: Monitoring, Prediction & Management".

[17]  Kyle A. Riding,et al.  Effects of Construction Time and Coarse Aggregate on Bridge Deck Cracking , 2009 .