Analytic Approximation of Fault Current Contribution From AC Networks to MTDC Networks During Pole-to-Ground Faults

HVDC short-circuit calculation standards will be required to simplify the dimensioning and selection of circuit breakers (CBs) in future HVDC networks. This paper proposes new analytical formulas for the calculation of the ac-side contribution through the blocked half-bridge-based converters during pole-to-ground faults in multiterminal HVDC cable networks. Analytic approximations are derived for the steady-state short-circuit currents and the peak of the transient response for point-to-point HVDC links and extended to multiterminal HVDC cable networks with arbitrary grid topology. The results of the proposed expressions are compared with simulations in PSCAD and provide accurate calculations for the transient peak and steady-state values of the ac-side fault current contribution to the prospective CB current.

[1]  F. Schettler,et al.  Technical Guidelines and Prestandardization Work for First HVDC Grids , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.

[2]  Jin Yang,et al.  Short-Circuit and Ground Fault Analyses and Location in VSC-Based DC Network Cables , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[3]  Anders Blomberg,et al.  The Hybrid HVDC Breaker An innovation breakthrough enabling reliable HVDC grids , 2012 .

[4]  C M Franck,et al.  HVDC Circuit Breakers: A Review Identifying Future Research Needs , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.

[5]  Dirk Van Hertem,et al.  Feasibility of DC transmission networks , 2011, 2011 2nd IEEE PES International Conference and Exhibition on Innovative Smart Grid Technologies.

[6]  M.P. Bahrman,et al.  The ABCs of HVDC transmission technologies , 2007, IEEE Power and Energy Magazine.

[7]  Fulli Gianluca,et al.  Evolutions and challenges towards a potential Pan-European HVAC/HVDC SuperGrid , 2011 .

[8]  Thomas Worzyk,et al.  Submarine Power Cables: Design, Installation, Repair, Environmental Aspects , 2009 .

[9]  B. Mellitt,et al.  Six-pulse three-phase rectifier bridge models for calculating closeup and remote short circuit transients on DC supplied railways , 1991 .

[10]  K. Kamei,et al.  HVDC Circuit Breakers for HVDC Grid Applications , 2015 .

[11]  E. W. Kimbark,et al.  Transient Overvoltages Caused by Monopolar Ground Fault on Bipolar DC Line: Theory and Simulation , 1970 .

[12]  C. M. Franck,et al.  Contribution of Fault Current Sources in Multiterminal HVDC Cable Networks , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.

[13]  C. M. Franck,et al.  Options for ground fault clearance in HVDC offshore networks , 2012, 2012 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE).

[14]  Cassiano Lobo Pires,et al.  Second-order model for remote and close-up short-circuit faults currents on DC traction supply , 2008 .

[15]  Christian M. Franck,et al.  Analytic Approximation of Fault Current Contributions From Capacitive Components in HVDC Cable Networks , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.

[16]  Jae-Do Park,et al.  VSC-HVDC system protection: A review of current methods , 2011, 2011 IEEE/PES Power Systems Conference and Exposition.

[17]  Lie Xu,et al.  Topologies for VSC transmission , 2001 .

[18]  M. Bucher,et al.  Analysis of Transient Fault Currents in Multi-Terminal HVDC Networks during Pole-to-Ground Faults , 2013 .

[19]  J.P. Bowles,et al.  Consideration for Implementing Multiterminal DC Systems , 1985, IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems.

[20]  Dirk Van Hertem,et al.  Multi-terminal VSC HVDC for the European supergrid: Obstacles , 2010 .

[21]  Dirk Van Hertem,et al.  HVDC Grid Feasibility Study , 2013 .

[22]  Jin Yang,et al.  Multiterminal DC Wind Farm Collection Grid Internal Fault Analysis and Protection Design , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.

[23]  Rainer Marquardt,et al.  Future HVDC-grids employing modular multilevel converters and hybrid DC-breakers , 2013, 2013 15th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE).

[24]  Goran Andersson,et al.  Multiterminal HVDC Networks—What is the Preferred Topology? , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.

[25]  Boon-Teck Ooi,et al.  Locating and Isolating DC Faults in Multi-Terminal DC Systems , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.

[26]  Christian M. Franck,et al.  Comparison of fault currents in multiterminal HVDC grids with different grounding schemes , 2014, 2014 IEEE PES General Meeting | Conference & Exposition.

[27]  Jürgen Häfner,et al.  Proactive Hybrid HVDC Breakers - A key Innovation for Reliable HVDC Grids , 2011 .

[28]  P. Pozzobon Transient and steady-state short-circuit currents in rectifiers for DC traction supply , 1998 .