A review on modeling, design methodology and size optimization of photovoltaic based water pumping, standalone and grid connected system

Solar Photovoltaic system comprises of photovoltaic (PV) array, converter, inverter and battery storage unit of appropriate capacity to serve the load demand in reliable, efficient and economically feasible manner. The proper selection of technology and size of these components is essential for stable and efficient operation of PV system. Therefore, a number of modeling equations and methodologies for designing a PV system based on application have been developed in order to ensure the optimum performance of the PV system. In this paper, a comprehensive designing process of solar photovoltaic water pumping system, standalone PV system and grid connected PV system is presented. The modeling of PV modules, cell temperature, water pumping system and battery state of charge is tabularized so as to facilitate their utilization for proposing a PV system based on the techno-economic variables and environmental parameters. The financial and reliability parameters for techno-economic size optimization of PV system are also identified and different optimization techniques have been discussed. A state of art literature survey has been presented which is useful in designing and installation of solar PV systems for standalone as well as grid connected power supply.

[1]  Abdeen Mustafa Omer,et al.  Solar water pumping clean water for Sudan rural areas , 2001 .

[2]  P Balachandra,et al.  Grid-connected versus stand-alone energy systems for decentralized power—A review of literature , 2009 .

[3]  Kadir Bakirci,et al.  Models of solar radiation with hours of bright sunshine: A review , 2009 .

[4]  Bernard Multon,et al.  Analysis and Experimental Validation of Various Photovoltaic System Models , 2002 .

[5]  E. Skoplaki,et al.  A simple correlation for the operating temperature of photovoltaic modules of arbitrary mounting , 2008 .

[6]  W. Beckman,et al.  Evaluation of hourly tilted surface radiation models , 1990 .

[7]  A. Hamidat,et al.  Systematic procedures for sizing photovoltaic pumping system, using water tank storage , 2009 .

[8]  Josie Close,et al.  Efficiency model for photovoltaic modules and demonstration of its application to energy yield estimation , 2007 .

[9]  Chris Deline,et al.  A simplified model of uniform shading in large photovoltaic arrays , 2013 .

[10]  Karen Abrinia,et al.  A review of principle and sun-tracking methods for maximizing solar systems output , 2009 .

[11]  Fabrice Locment,et al.  Experimental analysis of impact of MPPT methods on energy efficiency for photovoltaic power systems , 2013 .

[12]  M. H. Shwehdi,et al.  Probabilistic assessment of photovoltaic (PV) generation systems , 2002 .

[13]  Rahul Rawat,et al.  Review of Maximum‐Power‐Point Tracking Techniques for Solar‐Photovoltaic Systems , 2013 .

[14]  Ali Malek,et al.  Lead acid batteries simulation including experimental validation , 2008 .

[15]  Tom Markvart,et al.  Stand-alone PV system design: Results using a new sizing approach , 2008 .

[16]  A. Singh,et al.  Design development and testing of a solar PV pump based drip system for orchards , 2003 .

[17]  J. Servant,et al.  CALCULATION OF THE CELL TEMPERATURE FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULES FROM CLIMATIC DATA , 1986 .

[18]  B. Sandnes,et al.  A photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) collector with a polymer absorber plate. Experimental study and analytical model , 2002 .

[19]  Stefano Bifaretti,et al.  Simplified model of a photovoltaic module , 2009, 2009 Applied Electronics.

[20]  Lin Lu,et al.  A Study on Simulations of the Power Output and Practical Models for Building Integrated Photovoltaic Systems , 2004 .

[21]  Tom Markvart,et al.  PV system sizing using observed time series of solar radiation , 2006 .

[22]  J. I. Rosell,et al.  Modelling power output in photovoltaic modules for outdoor operating conditions , 2006 .

[23]  E. Lorenzo,et al.  PV pumping analytical design and characteristics of boreholes , 2000 .

[24]  Sunanda Sinha,et al.  Review of software tools for hybrid renewable energy systems , 2014 .

[25]  Mervyn Smyth,et al.  Long-term validated simulation of a building integrated photovoltaic system , 2005 .

[26]  N. Panwar,et al.  Role of renewable energy sources in environmental protection: A review , 2011 .

[27]  Mariano Sidrach-de-Cardona,et al.  A simple model for sizing stand alone photovoltaic systems , 1998 .

[28]  R. G. Ross,et al.  Interface design considerations for terrestrial solar cell modules , 1976 .

[29]  Qian Zhang,et al.  Optimization And Design Of Photovoltaic Micro-inverter , 2013 .

[30]  W. Beckman,et al.  A method for estimating the long-term performance of direct-coupled PV pumping systems , 1998 .

[31]  S. Boddaert,et al.  Long-Term Experimental Validation of NOCT Method for PV Integration under Several Conditions , 2012 .

[32]  Jorge Aguilera,et al.  A new approach for sizing stand alone photovoltaic systems based in neural networks , 2005 .

[33]  Mehdi N. Bahadori,et al.  Solar water pumping , 1978 .

[34]  Henrik W. Bindner,et al.  Model prediction for ranking lead-acid batteries according to expected lifetime in renewable energy systems and autonomous power-supply systems , 2007 .

[35]  Soteris A. Kalogirou,et al.  Modeling and simulation of a stand-alone photovoltaic system using an adaptive artificial neural network: Proposition for a new sizing procedure , 2007 .

[36]  Furkan Dincer,et al.  A review of the factors affecting operation and efficiency of photovoltaic based electricity generation systems , 2011 .

[37]  S. Catalanotti,et al.  An analytical method to determine the optimal size of a photovoltaic plant , 1984 .

[38]  Wei Zhou,et al.  Battery behavior prediction and battery working states analysis of a hybrid solar-wind power generation system , 2008 .

[39]  Felix A. Farret,et al.  Micropower System Modeling with Homer , 2006 .

[40]  Gilles Notton,et al.  Optimal sizing of a grid-connected PV system for various PV module technologies and inclinations, inverter efficiency characteristics and locations , 2010 .

[41]  S. Armstrong,et al.  A new methodology to optimise solar energy extraction under cloudy conditions , 2010 .

[42]  José L. Bernal-Agustín,et al.  Design of grid connected PV systems considering electrical, economical and environmental aspects: A practical case , 2006 .

[43]  Brian Norton,et al.  Optimal sizing of array and inverter for grid-connected photovoltaic systems , 2006 .

[44]  S. S. Chandel,et al.  Estimation of Hourly Solar Radiation on Horizontal and Inclined Surfaces in Western Himalayas , 2011 .

[45]  Yun Seng Lim,et al.  Grid-connected photovoltaic system in Malaysia: A review on voltage issues , 2014 .

[46]  Brian Norton,et al.  The effect of low insolation conditions and inverter oversizing on the long‐term performance of a grid‐connected photovoltaic system , 2007 .

[47]  Mauro Gamberi,et al.  Technical and economic design of photovoltaic and battery energy storage system , 2014 .

[48]  P. A. Caton,et al.  Design of rural photovoltaic water pumping systems and the potential of manual array tracking for a West-African village , 2014 .

[49]  J. A. del Cueto.  Model for the thermal characteristics of flat-plate photovoltaic modules deployed at fixed tilt , 2000 .

[50]  Amit Kumar Yadav,et al.  Tilt angle optimization to maximize incident solar radiation: A review , 2013 .

[51]  D. F. Menicucci,et al.  User`s manual for PVFORM: A photovoltaic system simulation program for stand-alone and grid-interactive applications , 1989 .

[52]  J. G. Ingersoll,et al.  Simplified Calculation of Solar Cell Temperatures in Terrestrial Photovoltaic Arrays , 1986 .

[53]  Muharrem Karaaslan,et al.  The analysis on sun tracking and cooling systems for photovoltaic panels , 2013 .

[54]  P. Ineichen,et al.  A new simplified version of the perez diffuse irradiance model for tilted surfaces , 1987 .

[55]  M.A.S. Masoum,et al.  Microprocessor-controlled new class of optimal battery chargers for photovoltaic applications , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion.

[56]  Tom Markvart,et al.  Energy Production by a PV Array , 2003 .

[57]  N. K. Gautam,et al.  Simulation model for sizing of stand-alone solar PV system with interconnected array , 2005 .

[58]  Adonios Thanailakis,et al.  Loss-of-load probability and related parameters in optimum computer-aided design of stand-alone photovoltaic systems , 1986 .

[59]  J. Michalsky,et al.  Modeling daylight availability and irradiance components from direct and global irradiance , 1990 .

[60]  Benjamin Y. H. Liu,et al.  The long-term average performance of flat-plate solar-energy collectors , 1963 .

[61]  T. Schmidt,et al.  The economic viability of battery storage for residential solar photovoltaic systems – A review and a simulation model , 2014 .

[62]  Xiangyang Gong,et al.  Design optimization of a large scale rooftop photovoltaic system , 2005 .

[63]  Rodolfo Dufo-López,et al.  Design and control strategies of PV-Diesel systems using genetic algorithms , 2005 .

[64]  J. Hay.  Calculation of monthly mean solar radiation for horizontal and inclined surfaces , 1979 .

[65]  Tawanda Hove,et al.  A method for predicting long-term average performance of photovoltaic systems , 2000 .

[66]  Michael Eugene Ropp,et al.  Design issues for grid-connected photovoltaic systems , 1998 .

[67]  Girish Kumar Singh,et al.  Solar power generation by PV (photovoltaic) technology: A review , 2013 .

[68]  José L. Bernal-Agustín,et al.  Comparison of different lead–acid battery lifetime prediction models for use in simulation of stand-alone photovoltaic systems , 2014 .

[69]  Singiresu S. Rao.  Engineering Optimization : Theory and Practice , 2010 .

[70]  C. L. Putta Swamy,et al.  Dynamic performance of a permanent magnet brushless DC motor powered by a PV array for water pumping , 1995 .

[71]  B. Burger,et al.  Inverter sizing of grid-connected photovoltaic systems in the light of local solar resource distribution characteristics and temperature , 2006 .

[72]  Hongbo Ren,et al.  Economic optimization and sensitivity analysis of photovoltaic system in residential buildings , 2009 .

[73]  Brian Norton,et al.  Comparison of measured and predicted long term performance of grid a connected photovoltaic system , 2007 .

[74]  Soteris A. Kalogirou,et al.  Artificial intelligence techniques for sizing photovoltaic systems: A review , 2009 .

[75]  Kamaruzzaman Sopian,et al.  A review of photovoltaic systems size optimization techniques , 2013 .

[76]  Marcelo G. Molina,et al.  Modeling and simulation of grid-connected photovoltaic energy conversion systems , 2014 .

[77]  Weixiang Shen,et al.  Optimally sizing of solar array and battery in a standalone photovoltaic system in Malaysia , 2009 .

[78]  Maria Samarakou,et al.  Computer-Aided Modelling and Analysis of PV Systems: A Comparative Study , 2014, TheScientificWorldJournal.

[79]  Ali Malek,et al.  Modeling of Lead Acid Batteries in PV Systems , 2012 .

[80]  Brian Norton,et al.  Influence of pumping head, insolation and PV array size on PV water pumping system performance , 2006 .

[81]  A. D. Papatsoris,et al.  The economics of photovoltaic stand-alone residential households: A case study for various European and Mediterranean locations , 2000 .

[82]  E. Skoplaki,et al.  Operating temperature of photovoltaic modules: A survey of pertinent correlations , 2009 .

[83]  Zhengming Zhao,et al.  Grid-connected photovoltaic power systems: Technical and potential problems—A review , 2010 .

[84]  Gustavo Nofuentes,et al.  Spectral Reflectance Patterns of Photovoltaic Modules and Their Thermal Effects , 2010 .

[85]  Rachid Chenni,et al.  A detailed modeling method for photovoltaic cells , 2007 .

[86]  Matlhew Buresch.  Photovoltaic energy systems , 2016 .

[87]  S. C. Kaushik,et al.  Review on power generation scenario of India , 2013 .

[88]  G. Araújo,et al.  Analytical expressions for the determination of the maximum power point and the fill factor of a solar cell , 1982 .

[89]  Nikhil Gakkhar,et al.  Techno-economic parametric assessment of solar power in India: A survey , 2014 .

[90]  N. D. Kaushika,et al.  Artificial neural network model based on interrelationship of direct, diffuse and global solar radiations , 2014 .

[91]  V. K. Sharma,et al.  Photovoltaic technology: Basic concepts, sizing of a stand alone photovoltaic system for domestic applications and preliminary economic analysis , 1995 .

[92]  D. L. Evans,et al.  Simplified method for predicting photovoltaic array output , 1980 .

[93]  Xiaoqiang Guo,et al.  Overview of anti-islanding US patents for grid-connected inverters , 2014 .

[94]  Jamel Belhadj,et al.  Optimal sizing of a stand-alone photovoltaic system using statistical approach , 2014 .

[95]  P.L. Chapman,et al.  Comparison of Photovoltaic Array Maximum Power Point Tracking Techniques , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion.

[96]  J. Fantidis,et al.  Cost of PV electricity – Case study of Greece , 2013 .

[97]  S. S. Chandel,et al.  Simulation and Optimization of Solar Photovoltaic-Wind Stand Alone Hybrid System in Hilly Terrain of India , 2013 .

[98]  Adel A. Ghoneim,et al.  Design optimization of photovoltaic powered water pumping systems , 2006 .

[99]  S. Kalogirou.  Solar Energy Engineering: Processes and Systems , 2009 .

[100]  Ralph C. Temps,et al.  Solar radiation incident upon slopes of different orientations , 1977 .

[101]  T. M. Klucher.  Evaluation of models to predict insolation on tilted surfaces , 1978 .

[102]  Ali Naci Celik,et al.  Effect of different load profiles on the loss-of-load probability of stand-alone photovoltaic systems , 2007 .

[103]  R. Posadillo,et al.  Approaches for developing a sizing method for stand-alone PV systems with variable demand , 2008 .

[104]  Kazuhiko Kato,et al.  A preliminary study on potential for very large-scale photovoltaic power generation (VLS-PV) system in the Gobi desert from economic and environmental viewpoints , 2003 .

[105]  Fabrice Locment,et al.  Maximum power tracking for photovoltaic power system: Development and experimental comparison of two algorithms , 2010 .

[106]  D. L. King,et al.  Application and validation of a new PV performance characterization method , 1997, Conference Record of the Twenty Sixth IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference - 1997.

[107]  Donatien Njomo,et al.  An Improved Nonlinear Five-Point Model for Photovoltaic Modules , 2013 .

[108]  Nicola Pearsall,et al.  Simplified levelised cost of the domestic photovoltaic energy in the UK: the importance of the feed-in tariff scheme , 2014 .

[109]  A. Tiwari,et al.  Performance evaluation of hybrid PV/thermal water/air heating system: A parametric study , 2006 .

[110]  A. Hadj Arab,et al.  Loss-of-load probability of photovoltaic water pumping systems , 2004 .

[111]  M. Topi,et al.  Effective efficiency of PV modules under field conditions , 2007 .

[112]  Andres Barrado,et al.  Review of the maximum power point tracking algorithms for stand-alone photovoltaic systems , 2006 .

[113]  N. D. Kaushika,et al.  Artificial neural network based computational model for the prediction of direct solar radiation in Indian zone , 2012 .

[114]  J. M. Gordon,et al.  Optimal sizing of stand-alone photovoltaic solar power systems , 1987 .

[115]  Miguel Ángel Egido,et al.  The sizing of stand alone PV-system: A review and a proposed new method , 1992 .

[116]  James W. Stultz.  Thermal and other tests of photovoltaic modules performed in natural sunlight , 1979 .

[117]  David L. King,et al.  Photovoltaic module and array performance characterization methods for all system operating conditions , 1996 .

[118]  W. Beckman,et al.  A simplified method for estimating the monthly-average performance of photovoltaic systems , 1981 .

[119]  Soteris A. Kalogirou,et al.  Artificial intelligence techniques for photovoltaic applications: A review , 2008 .

[120]  Kosuke Kurokawa,et al.  Practical values of various parameters for PV system design , 1997 .

[121]  Giuseppe Marco Tina,et al.  Thermal parameter identification of photovoltaic module using genetic algorithm , 2011 .

[122]  K. Meah,et al.  Solar photovoltaic water pumping for remote locations , 2008 .

[123]  Arvind Tiwari,et al.  Performance evaluation of solar PV/T system: An experimental validation , 2006 .

[124]  Tony Gan Ang.  Photovoltaic engineering handbook , 1990 .

[125]  R. Deblasio,et al.  Photovoltaic systems : An end-of-millennium review , 1999 .

[126]  Gilles Notton,et al.  Modelling of a double-glass photovoltaic module using finite differences , 2005 .

[127]  Gilles Notton,et al.  Calculation of the polycrystalline PV module temperature using a simple method of energy balance , 2006 .

[128]  J. L. Balenzategui,et al.  Estimation of photovoltaic module yearly temperature and performance based on Nominal Operation Cell Temperature calculations , 2004 .

[129]  Yi Zhao,et al.  Design and Analysis of a Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Power System , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[130]  R. Posadillo,et al.  A sizing method for stand-alone PV installations with variable demand , 2008 .

[131]  N. M. Ravindra,et al.  Temperature dependence of the maximum theoretical efficiency in solar cells , 1979 .

[132]  Kayoko Yamamoto,et al.  Economic Evaluation Method of Photovoltaic Power Generation Installed in Ordinary Homes , 2014 .

[133]  Viorel Badescu.  Dynamic model of a complex system including PV cells, electric battery, electrical motor and water pump , 2003 .

[134]  Govindasamy Tamizhmani,et al.  Photovoltaic Module Thermal/Wind Performance: Long-Term Monitoring and Model Development for Energy Rating , 2003 .

[135]  Andreas Jossen,et al.  Methods for state-of-charge determination and their applications , 2001 .

[136]  D. L. King,et al.  Temperature coefficients for PV modules and arrays: measurement methods, difficulties, and results , 1997, Conference Record of the Twenty Sixth IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference - 1997.

[137]  F. Chenlo,et al.  Lead/acid batteries for photovoltaic applications. Test results and modeling , 1994 .

[138]  Tariq Muneer,et al.  Modelling of flow rate in a photovoltaic-driven roof slate-based solar ventilation air preheating system , 2006 .

[139]  James P. Dunlop,et al.  Photovoltaic Systems , 2007 .

[140]  T. Razykov,et al.  Solar photovoltaic electricity: Current status and future prospects , 2011 .

[141]  M. I. Smokler,et al.  Electricity from photovoltaic solar cells: Flat-Plate Solar Array Project final report. Volume VI: Engineering sciences and reliability , 1986 .

[142]  V. Cuomo,et al.  The design of photovoltaic plants: An optimization procedure , 1984 .

[143]  Mark W. Davis,et al.  Prediction of Building Integrated Photovoltaic Cell Temperatures , 2001 .

[144]  Ursula Eicker,et al.  Solar technologies for buildings , 2003 .

[145]  Wei Zhou,et al.  A novel model for photovoltaic array performance prediction , 2007 .

[146]  Joshua M. Pearce,et al.  A Review of Solar Photovoltaic Levelized Cost of Electricity , 2011 .

[147]  Tariq Muneer,et al.  Smart Design of Stand-Alone Solar PV System for Off Grid Electrification Projects , 2014 .

[148]  J. Carretero,et al.  Models to predict the operating temperature of different photovoltaic modules in outdoor conditions , 2015 .

[149]  M. Benghanem,et al.  Effect of pumping head on solar water pumping system , 2014 .

[150]  Manuel Castro,et al.  On the calculation of energy produced by a PV grid‐connected system , 2007 .