Classroom Activities: Simple Strategies to Incorporate Student-Centered Activities within Undergraduate Science Lectures

The traditional science lecture, where an instructor delivers a carefully crafted monolog to a large audience of students who passively receive the information, has been a popular mode of instruction for centuries. Recent evidence on the science of teaching and learning indicates that learner-centered, active teaching strategies can be more effective learning tools than traditional lectures. Yet most colleges and universities retain lectures as their central instructional method. This article highlights several simple collaborative teaching techniques that can be readily deployed within traditional lecture frameworks to promote active learning. Specifically, this article briefly introduces the techniques of: reader’s theatre, think-pair-share, roundtable, jigsaw, in-class quizzes, and minute papers. Each technique is broadly applicable well beyond neuroscience courses and easily modifiable to serve an instructor’s specific pedagogical goals. The benefits of each technique are described along with specific examples of how each technique might be deployed within a traditional lecture to create more active learning experiences.

[1]  A. King From Sage on the Stage to Guide on the Side , 1993 .

[2]  Charles C. Bonwell,et al.  Enhancing the lecture: Revitalizing a traditional format , 1996 .

[3]  Edward R. Tufte,et al.  The Cognitive Style of PowerPoint: Pitching Out Corrupts Within , 2003 .

[4]  David V. Perkins,et al.  A “Jigsaw Classroom” Technique for Undergraduate Statistics Courses , 2001 .

[5]  W. Harwood The One-Minute Paper:: A Communication Tool for Large Lecture Classes , 1996 .

[6]  Susan Watt,et al.  Students Approach to Learning and Their Use of Lecture Capture. , 2011 .

[7]  J. Ludvigsson,et al.  McKEACHIE’S TEACHING TIPS , 2003, Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition.

[8]  Inmaculada González García One minute paper , 2010 .

[9]  W. Wood Clickers: A Teaching Gimmick that Works , 2004 .

[10]  Miriam Martinez,et al.  "I never thought I could be a star": A Readers Theatre ticket to fluency , 1998 .

[11]  C. Hansel Scientific Teaching , 1972, Nature.

[12]  Rebecca Brent,et al.  ACTIVE LEARNING: AN INTRODUCTION * , 2009 .

[13]  Bruce M. Saulnier,et al.  From "Sage on the Stage" to "Guide on the Side" Revisited: (Un)Covering the Content in the Learner-Centered Information Systems Course , 2008 .

[14]  D. Bligh What's the Use of Lectures? , 1971 .

[15]  Kemal Doymuş,et al.  Teaching Chemical Equilibrium with the Jigsaw Technique , 2008 .

[16]  Brian D. Steele The One-Minute Paper , 1995 .

[17]  Ron Owston,et al.  Lecture capture in large undergraduate classes: Student perceptions and academic performance , 2011, Internet High. Educ..

[18]  Diane C Persellin,et al.  Faculty Development in Higher Education: Long-term Impact of a Summer Teaching and Learning Workshop , 2010 .

[19]  Kirsten Crossgrove,et al.  Using clickers in nonmajors- and majors-level biology courses: student opinion, learning, and long-term retention of course material. , 2008, CBE life sciences education.

[20]  K. Patricia Cross,et al.  Classroom Assessment Techniques , 1993 .

[21]  Sian L. Beilock,et al.  Writing About Testing Worries Boosts Exam Performance in the Classroom , 2011, Science.

[22]  Elliot Aronson,et al.  Cooperation in the Classroom: The Jigsaw Method , 2011 .

[23]  Katherine K. Perkins,et al.  Research‐based Practices For Effective Clicker Use , 2007 .

[24]  R. Craig,et al.  PowerPoint Presentation Technology and the Dynamics of Teaching , 2006 .

[25]  Derek O. Bruff,et al.  Teaching with Classroom Response Systems: Creating Active Learning Environments , 2009 .

[26]  William B Wood,et al.  Teaching more by lecturing less. , 2005, Cell biology education.

[27]  D. Stead,et al.  A review of the one-minute paper , 2005 .

[28]  B. Charlton,et al.  Lectures are such an effective teaching method because they exploit evolved human psychology to improve learning. , 2006, Medical hypotheses.

[29]  Gordon E. Uno Handbook on teaching undergraduate science courses : a survival training manual , 1999 .

[30]  Mark E. Smith,et al.  Cooperative learning in the undergraduate laboratory , 1991 .

[31]  Marianne Fallon,et al.  High-Tech Versus Low-Tech Instructional Strategies , 2011 .

[32]  Kimberly D Tanner,et al.  Talking to learn: why biology students should be talking in classrooms and how to make it happen. , 2009, CBE life sciences education.

[33]  Eric Mazur,et al.  Peer Instruction: A User's Manual , 1996 .

[34]  N. Lasry,et al.  Clickers or Flashcards : Is There Really a Difference ? , 2008 .