Campus mental health services: recommendations for change.

College officials indicate that the number of students with serious mental illnesses has risen significantly. Recent media attention surrounding several high profile suicides has opened discussion of mental illness on campus. The authors summarize literature on college students and mental illness, including barriers to service receipt. Recommendations to improve campus-based responses to serious mental illness are presented on the basis of well-accepted service principles.

[1]  Deborah Megivern.  Disability Services and College Students with Psychiatric Disabilities , 2002 .

[2]  N. Sartorius.  Iatrogenic stigma of mental illness , 2002, BMJ : British Medical Journal.

[3]  K. Reid.  Community mental health on the college campus. , 1970, Hospital & community psychiatry.

[4]  E L Struening,et al.  Stigma as a barrier to recovery: The consequences of stigma for the self-esteem of people with mental illnesses. , 2001, Psychiatric services.

[5]  Chiara Ruini,et al.  Treatment of Recurrent Depression , 2003, CNS drugs.

[6]  P Bebbington,et al.  Psychological treatments in schizophrenia: I. Meta-analysis of family intervention and cognitive behaviour therapy , 2002, Psychological Medicine.

[7]  P W Corrigan,et al.  Lessons from social psychology on discrediting psychiatric stigma. , 1999, The American psychologist.

[8]  C. Mowbray,et al.  Higher Education and Rehabilitation for People with Psychiatric Disabilities , 1999 .

[9]  P W Corrigan,et al.  Three strategies for changing attributions about severe mental illness. , 2001, Schizophrenia bulletin.

[10]  S. Sharfstein,et al.  Madness and Government: Who Cares for the Mentally Ill? , 1983 .

[11]  K. Unger.  Handbook on Supported Education: Providing Services for Students With Psychiatric Disabilities , 1998 .

[12]  N. Jacobson,et al.  Experiencing recovery: a dimensional analysis of recovery narratives. , 2001, Psychiatric rehabilitation journal.

[13]  Michael F. Green,et al.  Should Schizophrenia Be Treated as a Neurocognitive Disorder , 1999 .

[14]  L. T. DeCarlo,et al.  Work Interest as a Predictor of Competitive Employment: Policy Implications for Psychiatric Rehabilitation , 2001, Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research.

[15]  P. Deegan.  The Independent Living Movement and people with psychiatric disabilities: Taking back control over our own lives. , 1992 .

[16]  Gerald L. Stone,et al.  College and University Counseling Centers in the 1990s , 1990 .

[17]  R. Bland,et al.  Attitudes about schizophrenia from the pilot site of the WPA worldwide campaign against the stigma of schizophrenia , 2002, Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology.

[18]  J L Rapoport,et al.  Research update: childhood-onset schizophrenia: implications of clinical and neurobiological research. , 1998, Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines.

[19]  N Freemantle,et al.  Atypical antipsychotics in the treatment of schizophrenia: systematic overview and meta-regression analysis , 2000, BMJ : British Medical Journal.

[20]  Gerald L. Stone,et al.  Thinking About Mental Health Policy in University and College Counseling Centers , 1996 .

[21]  R. Nader,et al.  The madness establishment;: Ralph Nader's study group report on the National Institute of Mental Health , 1974 .

[22]  S. L. Benton,et al.  Changes in counseling center client problems across 13 years. , 2003 .

[23]  Gerald L. Stone,et al.  How good is mental health care on college campuses , 2000 .

[24]  A. Hatfield.  Serving the unserved in community rehabilitation programs. , 1989 .

[25]  R. Sturm.  State parity legislation and changes in health insurance and perceived access to care among individuals with mental illness: 1996–1998 , 2000 .

[26]  C. Mowbray,et al.  Barriers to higher education for individuals with psychiatric disabilities. , 2003, Psychiatric rehabilitation journal.

[27]  C. Stein,et al.  "Because They're My Parents": An Intergenerational Study of Felt Obligation and Parental Caregiving , 1998 .

[28]  F. Dickerson,et al.  Experiences of stigma among outpatients with schizophrenia. , 2002, Schizophrenia bulletin.

[29]  B. Pescosolido,et al.  Responses to nervous breakdowns in America over a 40-year period. Mental health policy implications. , 2000, The American psychologist.

[30]  S. Matorin.  Stigma as a barrier to recovery. , 2002, Psychiatric services.

[31]  E. Fombonne.  Increased rates of psychosocial disorders in youth , 1998, European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience.

[32]  H. Goldman.  Perspectives: parity--prelude to a fifth cycle of reform. , 2002, The journal of mental health policy and economics.

[33]  P W Corrigan,et al.  Familiarity with and social distance from people who have serious mental illness. , 2001, Psychiatric services.

[34]  E. Fombonne.  Time trends in affective disorders. , 1999 .

[35]  John B. Bishop.  The University Counseling Center: An Agenda for the 1990s. , 1990 .

[36]  S. Paul.  Students with disabilities in higher education: a review of the literature , 2000 .

[37]  M. Chisolm.  Colleges need to provide early treatment of students' mental illnesses , 1998 .

[38]  Brian Sheitman,et al.  Neurocognitive effects of clozapine, olanzapine, risperidone, and haloperidol in patients with chronic schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. , 2002, The American journal of psychiatry.

[39]  Thomas D. Snyder,et al.  Digest of Education Statistics , 1994 .

[40]  Ethel Shanas,et al.  Handbook of Aging and the Social Sciences , 1991 .

[41]  L. Stein,et al.  Assertive Community Treatment of Persons with Severe Mental Illness , 1998 .

[42]  R. Unzicker.  On my own: A personal journey through madness and re-emergence. , 1989 .

[43]  R. Tandon,et al.  New atypical antipsychotic medications. , 1998, Journal of psychiatric research.

[44]  Paul J. Harrison,et al.  meta-regression analysis schizophrenia: systematic overview and Atypical antipsychotics in the treatment of , 2006 .

[45]  P. Deegan.  Recovery: The lived experience of rehabilitation. , 1988 .

[46]  Carol T Mowbray,et al.  Higher education and psychiatric disabilities: national survey of campus disability services. , 2005, The American journal of orthopsychiatry.

[47]  O. Wahl,et al.  Newspaper Coverage of Mental Illness: Is It Changing? , 2002 .

[48]  A. Beck,et al.  Cognitive behavioral therapy for schizophrenia: an empirical review. , 2001, The Journal of nervous and mental disease.

[49]  Dc Washington.  Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Ed. , 1994 .

[50]  S. Stefan.  Unequal Rights: Discrimination Against People With Mental Disabilities and the Americans With Disabilities Act , 2000 .

[51]  J. Birley.  The Environment of Schizophrenia , 2001, British Journal of Psychiatry.

[52]  K. O'malley,et al.  Changes in levels of psychopathology being treated at college and university counseling centers. , 1990 .