Introduction to Classical Logic

Logic builds symbolic models of our world. It builds them in such a way as to be able to describe formally the ways we reason in and about it. It also poses questions about correctness of such models and develops tools to answer them. Classical Logic was created to describe the reasoning principles of mathematics and hence reflects the “black” and “white” qualities of mathematics; we expect from mathematical theorems to be always either true or false and the reasonings leading to them should guarantee this without any ambiguity. It hence admits only two logical values and is sometimes called a two-valued logic.