Topology based adaptive hybrid multicast routing in mobile ad hoc networks

In this paper, we propose topology based adaptive hybrid multicast routing (THMR) mechanism in mobile ad hoc networks. With the help of technique derived from Computational Intelligence (CI) discipline, Topology Change Rate (TCR) is predicted based on link behavior and node mobility for both proactive and reactive routing region in MANETs. We design a Reinforcement Learning (LR) based Q-Learning (QL) algorithm to tune the routing period (RP) in accordance with topology change rate. Simulation evaluation for Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), and control overhead has been performed in NS-2. We observe that THMR outperforms other standard protocols for performance parameters like Packet Delivery Ratio, and Control overhead.

[1]  Jun Lu,et al.  Hybrid Zone Based Multicast Routing Scheme for Mobile Ad Hoc Network , 2008, 2008 4th International Conference on Wireless Communications, Networking and Mobile Computing.

[2]  Saleem N. Bhatti,et al.  Self-tuning network support for MANETs , 2008, NOMS 2008 - 2008 IEEE Network Operations and Management Symposium.

[3]  Edwin Hsing-Mean Sha,et al.  Applying link stability estimation mechanism to multicast routing in MANETs , 2014, J. Syst. Archit..

[4]  Gyanappa A. Walikar,et al.  Energy aware multicast routing in mobile ad-hoc networks using NS-2 , 2015, 2015 IEEE International Conference on Electrical, Computer and Communication Technologies (ICECCT).

[5]  Sunilkumar S. Manvi,et al.  Neighbor supported reliable multipath multicast routing in MANETs , 2012, Journal of Network and Computer Applications.

[6]  S. Bhatti,et al.  Autonomic Tuning of Routing for MANETs , 2008, NOMS Workshops 2008 - IEEE Network Operations and Management Symposium Workshops.

[7]  Saleem N. Bhatti,et al.  Adaptive MANET Routing for Low Overhead , 2007, 2007 IEEE International Symposium on a World of Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia Networks.

[8]  Zygmunt J. Haas,et al.  Independent zone routing: an adaptive hybrid routing framework for ad hoc wireless networks , 2004, IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking.

[9]  Abdelfettah Belghith,et al.  Autonomic Self Tunable Proactive Routing in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks , 2009, 2009 IEEE International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Computing, Networking and Communications.

[10]  Xiaofeng Li,et al.  Timer forecasting zone based on Demand Multicast Routing Protocol in Mobile Ad hoc Network , 2008, 2008 11th IEEE Singapore International Conference on Communication Systems.

[11]  Franco Zambonelli,et al.  A survey of autonomic communications , 2006, TAAS.