In Vitro Regeneration and Mass Propagation of Ruta graveolens L.—A Multipurpose Shrub

A protocol for rapid in vitro propagation of Ruta graveolens L. through high- frequency shoot induction from nodal explants was established. Proliferation of shoots from nodal segments was achieved on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with various concentrations of BA, Kin, IAA, and NAA, either singly or in various combinations. The highest shoot regeneration frequency (98.5%) and the highest number of shoots per explant (40.2 ± 2.8) was obtained on MS medium supplemented with 10 µM BA and 2.5 µM NAA. In vitro regenerated shoots rooted best on half-strength MS medium containing 0.5 µM IBA. Rooted shoots, following acclimatization in the greenhouse, were success- fully transferred to fi eld conditions, and 90% of plants survived. The effi cient in vitro regeneration of the whole plant can be used as a fast and reliable method to transform R. graveolens genetically for its active principles. Ruta graveolens (Rutaceae) is an ornamen- tal, aromatic, culinary, and medicinal plant native to Europe, especially the Mediterranean

[1]  M. Faisal,et al.  Rapid mass propagation of Tylophora indica Merrill via leaf callus culture , 2003, Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture.

[2]  M. P. Utrilla,et al.  Micropropagation of Santolina canescens Lagasca and in vitro volatiles production by shoot explants , 2002, Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture.

[3]  E. Gontier,et al.  Optimized culture conditions for the production of furanocoumarins by micropropagated shoots of Ruta graveolens , 2000, Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture.

[4]  A. Sharma,et al.  Micropropagation of Withania somnifera from germinating seeds and shoot tips , 1991, Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture.

[5]  U. Eilert,et al.  Elicitor induction of S-adenosyl-L-methionine: Anthranilic acid N-methyltransferase activity in cell suspension and organ cultures of Ruta graveolens L. , 1989, Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture.

[6]  S. Seeni,et al.  In vitro multiplication and field establishment of Adhatoda beddomei C. B. Clarke, a rare medicinal plant , 2004, Plant Cell Reports.

[7]  Conceição Santos,et al.  In vitro plantlet regeneration of Olea europaea ssp. maderensis , 2003 .

[8]  K. Martin.  Rapid propagation of Holostemma ada-kodien Schult., a rare medicinal plant, through axillary bud multiplication and indirect organogenesis , 2002, Plant Cell Reports.

[9]  K. Martin.  Rapid in vitro multiplication and ex vitro rooting of Rotula aquatica Lour., a rare rhoeophytic woody medicinal plant , 2002, Plant Cell Reports.

[10]  P. Chand,et al.  Micropropagation of Vitex negundo L., a woody aromatic medicinal shrub, through high-frequency axillary shoot proliferation , 1998, Plant Cell Reports.

[11]  W. Maier,et al.  Increased Accumulation of Acridone Alkaloids by Cell Suspension Cultures of Ruta graveolens in Response to Elicitors , 1991 .

[12]  P. Song,et al.  PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY OF PSORALENS , 1979, Photochemistry and photobiology.

[13]  Y. R. Chadha,et al.  The Wealth of India. Raw Materials , 1978 .

[14]  R. Angel,et al.  The Wealth of India , 1974 .

[15]  F. Skoog,et al.  A revised medium for rapid growth and bio assays with tobacco tissue cultures , 1962 .