Calibration Procedure of Three Component Mammographic Breast Imaging

Our purpose was to investigate the influence of phantom and biological materials on a 3-component decomposition using dual-energy mammography protocol 3CB. Materials and Methods: A novel dual-energy 3CB mammography technique concludes in quantifying of the lipid, protein, and water thicknesses. The protocol was designed to be used on full-field digital mammography system by including an additional high-energy image with the clinical image. We study influence of calibration phantom and regression techniques on three component outputs. Two types of phantoms were used: solid water/wax/Delrin phantom and bovine phantom consisted of fat and lean muscle compartments. The linear and quadratic model equations were analyzed using linear and ridge regressions. The elaborated calibration protocol was applied to breast images with different compositions and sizes. In addition, the protocol was validated using cadaver breasts of known compositions. Results: We found that there were many negative values of protein components when we applied our solid water/wax/Delrin calibrations using 51 ROIs for clinical dual energy mammogram analysis. This behavior could be explained by potential over fitting and not exact correspondence of biological and phantom material. Creating a calibration related to bovine tissue provided higher accuracy and realizable thicknesses for clinical breast composition components, and achieved satisfactory results for cadaver breast compositions. Conclusion: Using a bovine calibration, the 3CB technique provides higher accuracy for lipid, water and protein compositional breast measurements than using plastic tissue equivalents alone.

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